Which of the following best describes the cell membranes of microbes that thrive at low temperatures? (A) They have only one layer. (B) They have relatively even amounts of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. (C) They have relatively high amounts of saturated fatty acids. (D) They have relatively high amounts of unsaturated fatty acids.

Microbes that thrive in cold environments, like polar bacteria, have adapted their cell membranes to remain fluid at lower temperatures. This is achieved by incorporating a higher proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, which help prevent the membranes from becoming too rigid and maintain functionality. Conversely, organisms functioning in warmer conditions typically favor saturated fatty acids to maintain membrane stability. The unique balance of fatty acids in cold-adapted microbes is a remarkable example of nature’s versatility in responding to diverse environmental challenges!