6. The process of making RNA from DNA is called 7. The process of assembling a protein from RNA is called it occurs in the and it occurs in the 8. Describe two ways in which RNA differs from DNA:

The process of making RNA from DNA is called transcription. During transcription, enzymes like RNA polymerase unwind the DNA double helix and synthesize a single strand of RNA complementary to one of the DNA strands, capturing the essential instructions needed for protein synthesis. The process of assembling a protein from RNA is called translation, and it occurs in the ribosomes, located in the cytoplasm of the cell. The ribosome reads the mRNA sequence and, using transfer RNA (tRNA), assembles amino acids into a polypeptide chain, which eventually folds into a functional protein. RNA differs from DNA in several ways; for instance, RNA is usually single-stranded while DNA is double-stranded, forming a helix. Additionally, RNA contains uracil (U) as a base instead of thymine (T), which is found in DNA, making it more versatile for various functions including coding, decoding, and regulation of genes.