Corruption has been a persistent issue in West Africa's governance. What is one reason public officials engage in corruption? a. Widespread support for autocratic governance models b. International organizations encourage the privatization of public services c. Strict enforcement of anti-corruption laws by civil society d. Low salaries, poverty, and greed create incentives for bribery

12. Find a standard basis vector for \( R^{3} \) that can be added to the set \( \left\{\mathbf{v}_{1}, \mathbf{v}_{2}\right\} \) to produce a basis for \( R^{3} \). (a) \( \mathbf{v}_{1}=(-1,2,3), \mathbf{v}_{2}=(1,-2,-2) \) (b) \( \mathbf{v}_{1}=(1,-1,0), \mathbf{v}_{2}=(3,1,-2) \)

4. ¿Cuál de estas igualdades es correcta? (A) \( \log _{3} 8=2 \) (B) \( \log _{3} 2=8 \) (C) \( \log _{2} 8=3 \) (D) \( \log _{2} 3=8 \) (D)

(b) Show that the relation R on the set \( \mathrm{A}=\{1 \), \( 2,3,4,5\} \) given by \( \mathrm{R}=\{(\mathrm{a}, \mathrm{b}):|\mathrm{a}-\mathrm{b}| \) is even \( \} \) is an equivalence relation.

5. A psychologist is interested in exploring the effect of utorial suppot on students' academic performance and assign students into two groups. Students in group one the tutorial support and those in groupltwo do not. In this example, what is the a) Dependent variable b) Independent variable c) Control group d) Experimental group

) Een zwembad bevat 10000 US gallons. Hoeveel \( m^{3} \) is dat