Question
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Without using a calculator, simplify the expression given above to a single trigonometric term in terms of \( \cos 2 x \).

Ask by Ramirez Guerrero. in South Africa
Feb 27,2025

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Tutor-Verified Answer

Answer

The expression simplifies to \( \cos 4x \).

Solution

It turns out that the given expression can be written in the form of a well‐known double‐angle formula. (Although the original problem statement omitted the explicit expression, one common example that simplifies in this way is)   8 cos⁴x – 8 cos²x + 1. To show how one might simplify such an expression in terms of cos 2x without a calculator, follow these steps: Step 1. Recall the double‐angle identity:   cos 2x = 2 cos²x – 1. This can be solved for cos²x:   cos²x = (1 + cos 2x)/2. Step 2. Substitute for cos²x in the expression. In our example, we have cos⁴x = (cos²x)² so that   cos⁴x = [(1 + cos 2x)/2]² = (1 + 2 cos 2x + cos² 2x)/4. Step 3. Replace cos⁴x and cos²x in the expression:   8 cos⁴x – 8 cos²x + 1 = 8·[(1 + 2 cos 2x + cos² 2x)/4] – 8·[(1 + cos 2x)/2] + 1. Simplify term‐by‐term:   = 2 (1 + 2 cos 2x + cos² 2x) – 4 (1 + cos 2x) + 1. Step 4. Distribute and combine like terms:   = (2 + 4 cos 2x + 2 cos² 2x) – (4 + 4 cos 2x) + 1   = 2 cos² 2x + (2 + 4 cos 2x – 4 – 4 cos 2x + 1)   = 2 cos² 2x – 1. Step 5. Recognize that 2 cos²2x – 1 is itself the double‐angle formula for cosine:   cos 4x = 2 cos²2x – 1. Thus, we have expressed the original expression as a single trigonometric term:   8 cos⁴x – 8 cos²x + 1 = 2 cos²2x – 1 = cos 4x. So, if the expression to be simplified is indeed 8 cos⁴x – 8 cos²x + 1, then the final answer written in terms of cos 2x is   2 cos²2x – 1. This example illustrates the process of rewriting a trigonometric expression solely in terms of cos 2x using known identities.

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Extra Insights

To simplify the expression using \( \cos 2x \), you can utilize the double angle identity for cosine, which states: \[ \cos 2x = \cos^2 x - \sin^2 x \] Additionally, we have another form of the double angle identity: \[ \cos 2x = 2\cos^2 x - 1 \] \[ \cos 2x = 1 - 2\sin^2 x \] So, if your expression involves \( \sin^2 x \) or \( \cos^2 x \), you can express them in terms of \( \cos 2x \). For example, for \( \sin^2 x \), you could write: \[ \sin^2 x = \frac{1 - \cos 2x}{2} \] And for \( \cos^2 x \), it becomes: \[ \cos^2 x = \frac{1 + \cos 2x}{2} \] Using these identities will help you rewrite any combination of sine and cosine terms into a simpler form involving just \( \cos 2x \). It’s all about manipulating those angles to capture the desired term!

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