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Find the general solution of each of the following equati \( \begin{array}{ll}\text { (a) } \cos 2 \theta=0,4 & \text { (b) } 5 \sin \theta+14 \cos \theta=0\end{array} \)

Ask by Hamilton George. in South Africa
Feb 26,2025

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Answer

The general solutions are: (a) \( \theta = \frac{\pi}{4} + \frac{\pi}{2}k \), where \( k \) is any integer. (b) \( \theta = \arctan\left(-\frac{14}{5}\right) + \pi k \), where \( k \) is any integer.

Solution

We wish to solve the following equations for all solutions: (a) cos 2θ = 0 (b) 5 sin θ + 14 cos θ = 0 ───────────────────────────── Solution (a): Step 1. Recognize that cos φ = 0 when   φ = π/2 + πk,  k ∈ ℤ. Step 2. Here, set φ = 2θ. Then the equation cos 2θ = 0 becomes:   2θ = π/2 + πk,  k ∈ ℤ. Step 3. Solve for θ by dividing both sides by 2:   θ = (π/4) + (π/2)k,  k ∈ ℤ. Thus, the general solution for (a) is:   θ = π/4 + (π/2)k,  k ∈ ℤ. ───────────────────────────── Solution (b): We have the equation:   5 sin θ + 14 cos θ = 0 Step 1. Assuming cos θ ≠ 0 (we will check for the extraneous possibility later), divide by cos θ:   5 (sin θ/cos θ) + 14 = 0   => 5 tan θ + 14 = 0 Step 2. Solve for tan θ:   tan θ = -14/5. Step 3. The general solution for tan θ = -14/5 is:   θ = arctan(–14/5) + πk,  k ∈ ℤ. Note: Since arctan(–14/5) is a particular solution, this form covers all solutions of the equation. Thus, the general solution for (b) is:   θ = arctan(–14/5) + πk,  k ∈ ℤ. ───────────────────────────── Final Answers: (a) θ = π/4 + (π/2)k,  k ∈ ℤ (b) θ = arctan(–14/5) + πk,  k ∈ ℤ

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To solve the equations, let's break each one down. For \( \cos 2\theta = 0.4 \), we can use the double-angle identity \( \cos 2\theta = 2\cos^2 \theta - 1 \). Rearranging gives us \( 2\cos^2 \theta = 1.4 \), or \( \cos^2 \theta = 0.7 \). Taking the square root, we find \( \cos \theta = \pm \sqrt{0.7} \). The general solutions then come from \( \theta = \pm \cos^{-1}(\sqrt{0.7}) + 2k\pi \) and \( \theta = \pm \cos^{-1}(-\sqrt{0.7}) + 2k\pi \), where \( k \) is any integer. For the equation \( 5 \sin \theta + 14 \cos \theta = 0 \), we can rearrange it to show \( \tan \theta = -\frac{14}{5} \). Thus, the general solution is given by \( \theta = \tan^{-1}\left(-\frac{14}{5}\right) + k\pi \), where \( k \) is any integer.

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