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\( z_{1}=3 \) cis \( 25^{\circ} \) and \( z_{2}=2,9 \) cis \( 65^{\circ} \) are two complex numbers. 2.2.1 \( \quad \) Calculate \( \left(z_{1}\right)\left(z_{2}\right) \). Leave your answer in polar form. 2.2.2 \( \quad \) Calculate \( z_{1}+z_{2} \)

Ask by Brewer Logan. in South Africa
Feb 25,2025

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Answer

2.2.1 \( z₁z₂ = 8.7 \) cis \( 90^\circ \) 2.2.2 \( z₁ + z₂ = 3.9444 + 3.8951i \)

Solution

We are given:   z₁ = 3 cis 25°  and  z₂ = 2.9 cis 65°. Step 1. Multiply z₁ and z₂ in polar form. When multiplying complex numbers in polar form, we multiply the moduli and add the angles:   z₁ · z₂ = (3 × 2.9) cis (25° + 65°)       = 8.7 cis 90°. So, the answer to 2.2.1 is:   z₁z₂ = 8.7 cis 90°. Step 2. Add z₁ and z₂. To add in rectangular form, convert each number:   z₁ = 3 (cos 25° + i sin 25°)   z₂ = 2.9 (cos 65° + i sin 65°). Using approximate trigonometric values:   cos 25° ≈ 0.9063 and sin 25° ≈ 0.4226,   cos 65° ≈ 0.4226 and sin 65° ≈ 0.9063. Now compute:   z₁ ≈ 3 (0.9063 + i·0.4226) = 2.7189 + 1.2678i,   z₂ ≈ 2.9 (0.4226 + i·0.9063) = 1.2255 + 2.6273i. Adding the real parts and the imaginary parts:   Real part = 2.7189 + 1.2255 = 3.9444,   Imaginary part = 1.2678 + 2.6273 = 3.8951. Thus, in rectangular form:   z₁ + z₂ ≈ 3.9444 + 3.8951i. (Optional) To express this sum in polar form, compute the modulus r and the angle θ: 1. Modulus r:   r = √(3.9444² + 3.8951²)    ≈ √(15.556 + 15.172)    ≈ √30.728    ≈ 5.54. 2. Angle θ:   θ = arctan(3.8951 / 3.9444)    ≈ arctan(0.9874)    ≈ 44.6°. So in polar form:   z₁ + z₂ ≈ 5.54 cis 44.6°. Thus, the answers are: 2.2.1: z₁z₂ = 8.7 cis 90°. 2.2.2: z₁ + z₂ = 3.9444 + 3.8951i  (or equivalently, ≈ 5.54 cis 44.6°).

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Bonus Knowledge

To calculate \( z_{1} z_{2} \): First, we multiply the magnitudes: \[ |z_{1}| \cdot |z_{2}| = 3 \cdot 2.9 = 8.7. \] Next, we add the angles: \[ 25^{\circ} + 65^{\circ} = 90^{\circ}. \] Thus, \[ z_{1} z_{2} = 8.7 \text{ cis } 90^{\circ}. \] Now, onto \( z_{1} + z_{2} \): Convert both complex numbers to rectangular form: \[ z_{1} = 3 (\cos 25^{\circ} + i \sin 25^{\circ}) = 3 \left(0.9063 + 0.4226i\right) \approx 2.7189 + 1.2678i, \] \[ z_{2} = 2.9 (\cos 65^{\circ} + i \sin 65^{\circ}) = 2.9 \left(0.4226 + 0.9063i\right) \approx 1.2235 + 2.6273i. \] Now, add them: \[ z_{1} + z_{2} \approx (2.7189 + 1.2235) + (1.2678 + 2.6273)i \approx 3.9424 + 3.8951i. \] So, \( z_{1} + z_{2} \approx 3.9424 + 3.8951i \).

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