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Newton's Law of cooling, \( \frac{d T}{t}=k\left(T-T_{m}\right) \) the constant \( k \) is Select the correct answer. a constant of integration evaluated from an initial condition a constant of integration evaluated from another condition a proportionality constant evaluated from an initial constant evaluated from another condition

Ask by Bernard Davies. in the United States
Feb 25,2025

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Answer

\( k \) is a proportionality constant determined from initial conditions.

Solution

To understand the options provided regarding the constant \( k \) in Newton's Law of Cooling, let's analyze the equation: \[ \frac{dT}{dt} = k(T - T_m) \] Here, \( T \) is the temperature of the object, \( T_m \) is the temperature of the surrounding medium, and \( k \) is a constant that characterizes the rate of cooling. ### Analysis of the Options: 1. **A constant of integration evaluated from an initial condition**: - This option suggests that \( k \) is derived from an initial condition. However, \( k \) is not a constant of integration; it is a proportionality constant that describes the rate of cooling. 2. **A constant of integration evaluated from another condition**: - Similar to the first option, this implies that \( k \) is derived from some condition, but it does not accurately describe the nature of \( k \) in this context. 3. **A proportionality constant evaluated from an initial constant evaluated from another condition**: - This option correctly identifies \( k \) as a proportionality constant. It indicates that \( k \) can be determined based on the initial conditions and possibly other conditions related to the cooling process. ### Conclusion: The most accurate description of \( k \) in the context of Newton's Law of Cooling is: **A proportionality constant evaluated from an initial constant evaluated from another condition.** Thus, the correct answer is the third option.

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Beyond the Answer

Imagine the mysterious world of physics where things heat up and cool down! In Newton's Law of Cooling, the constant \( k \) serves as the proportionality constant that relates the rate of temperature change of an object to the difference between its temperature and the ambient temperature \( T_m \). It’s like the speed of a cooling drink getting a bit sluggish as it nears room temperature! To put it simply, the nature of \( k \) depends on various factors, including the material properties of the object and the environment around it. But you can think of it as being determined from an initial condition and helps define how fast or slow that drink of yours cools down! So, buckle up and take notes, because temperature changes can be quite the adventure!

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