The work done by static friction can be: 1) positive. 2) negative. 3) zero. 4) nonnegative. 5) Any of the above.

Static friction does not do work when there is no relative movement between the surfaces in contact. This means that in scenarios where an object is stationary, the work done by static friction is zero. However, if a force is applied and the object starts to move, then static friction can act in a direction that opposes this motion, effectively leading to zero work done too! In practical situations, think about moving a heavy box across the floor. If you push hard enough but the box doesn’t budge, static friction is at play, keeping it in place. Here, static friction has zero work done, demonstrating how it can be powerful yet subtle!