Using Key Terms 1. Define the term epidemic. 2. Identify the term that means "showing no signs of illness or disease, even though an infection is present." Understanding Key ldeas 3. Describe why STDs are called a "silent epidemic." 4. State two serious problems that sexually transmit- ted diseases can cause. 5. Identify the ratio of sexually active teens that have an STD. \( \begin{array}{ll}\text { a. } 1 \text { in } 2 & \text { c. } 1 \text { in } 10 \\ \text { b. } 1 \text { in } 5 & \text { d. } 1 \text { in } 20\end{array} \)

(A) (i) Describe TWO disadvantages of using Replicate Organism Detection And Counting (RODAC) plate during a surface swab. (ii) Explain TWO purposes of conducting a hand swab test. 12 m

(C) State TWO ways in which fermentation process helps to improve [2 marks] quality of food products.

Glycerol a) Name the: (i) Process \( X \) (ii) Enzyme \( Y \) (iii) Molecule Z

(A) State ONE example of selective media that can be used to isolate [3 marks] EACH of the following microorganisms. (i) Gram positive bacteria. (ii) Staphylococci spp. (iii) Gram negative bacteria.

(B) (i) Explain THREE precaution steps during decontamination of biohazard wastes in bag using an autoclave. (ii) Describe TWO materials that will remain undamaged after autoclaving.