DOH Philippine Howith Statistics 2008-2015 and Fleld Health Surveillance Information System Annual Reports 2016-2017 DOH surveillance reporting system defines acute bloody diarrhea (ABD) as "a person with acute diarrhea with visible blood in the stool". Since the early 1900 s, ABD was reported as dysentery in the Philippine Health Statistics annual publication until dysentery reporting was merged with diarrhea reporting in 1984. Dysentery is bloody diarrhea caused by any of the following common pathogens: Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Clostridium difficile, shiga toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli (STEC), Yersinia enterocolitica, and Entamoeba histolytica (amoebic dysentery). The mode of transmission is through ingestion of contaminated food or water. Pathogenesis involves bacterial production of toxins which destroy the mucosal epithelial cells leading to inflammation and bleeding. However, acute bloody diarrhea may also be non-infectious in origin. Other diseases that lead to ABD are drug-induced colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, ischemic colitis, and antibiotic-associated colitis among others. Because the definition of ABD is broad and may have different causes, the number of food and waterborne-related ABD cases reported in the PHS and FHSIS from 2008 to 2017 is unknown. Morbidity case rates for acute bloody diarrhea have fluctuated over the last ten years with a significant spike in 2010 and a rapidly increasing trend from 2014 to 2016, until a sudden decline in 2017. Limitations in the availability of peer-reviewed publications explaining the phenomenon suggest investment on researches and improved data utilization and analysis. 1. What information does the chart present? 2. Which year had the most number of acute bloody diarrhea cases? 3. Which year had the least number of acute bloody diarrhea cases? 4. What is the trend in the morbidity rate of the cases? Explain. 5. How do you think would these data help in addressing the issue on this particular food and water-borne disease?
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- The chart presents the morbidity case rates for acute bloody diarrhea (ABD) in the Philippines from 2008 to 2017.
- The year 2010 had the most number of acute bloody diarrhea cases, as indicated by a significant spike in the morbidity rate.
- The year 2017 had the least number of acute bloody diarrhea cases, as indicated by a sudden decline in the morbidity rate.
- The morbidity rate for acute bloody diarrhea fluctuated over the ten-year period. There was a significant spike in 2010, followed by fluctuations until a rapidly increasing trend from 2014 to 2016. In 2017, there was a sudden decline in the morbidity rate.
- These data can help address the issue by:
Identifying trends and outbreak periods, which can inform public health interventions and resource allocation.
Highlighting the need for further research to understand the causes behind the fluctuations and spikes.
Guiding the development of targeted prevention and control measures, such as improving water sanitation, food safety practices, and public awareness campaigns.
Providing a basis for evaluating the effectiveness of past interventions and policies, thereby informing future strategies.
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Karagdagang Kaalaman:
Ang acute bloody diarrhea (ABD) ay isang kondisyon kung saan ang isang tao ay nagkakaroon ng matinding pagtatae na may kasamang dugo sa dumi. Ang ABD ay maaaring sanhi ng iba't ibang pathogens tulad ng Shigella dysenteriae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Clostridium difficile, shiga toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli (STEC), Yersinia enterocolitica, at Entamoeba histolytica. Ang mga pathogens na ito ay karaniwang nakukuha sa pamamagitan ng pagkain o tubig na kontaminado.
Praktikal na Kaalaman:
Ang pag-unawa sa epidemiolohiya ng ABD ay mahalaga para sa pagbuo ng mga epektibong hakbang upang maiwasan at makontrol ang pagkalat nito. Halimbawa, ang mga datos mula sa surveillance systems tulad ng DOH Philippine Health Statistics at Field Health Surveillance Information System ay ginagamit upang masubaybayan ang mga kaso at tukuyin ang mga pattern o trends. Ang impormasyon na ito ay kritikal para sa paggawa ng mga polisiya at programa upang mapabuti ang kalinisan, kaligtasan ng pagkain, at kalidad ng tubig.
Kung nais mong higit pang mapalalim ang iyong kaalaman tungkol sa epidemiolohiya o anumang paksa kang interesado, subukan mong gamitin ang UpStudy’s live tutor question bank o AI-powered problem-solving services! Sa UpStudy, maaari kang magkaroon ng mas malalim na kaalaman kasama ang ekspertong gabay nasa iyong kamay. Tuklasin pa ngayon at buksan ang mundo nang walang katapusang posibilidad!
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