1. Explain how to calculate overtime pay.

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1. **Determine the Regular Pay Rate and Overtime Multiplier**

Assume the regular hourly wage is $$ R $$ (in dollars per hour). The overtime multiplier is usually given (commonly $$ 1.5 $$ times the regular rate). Thus, the overtime hourly rate becomes:
   
   $$
   \text{overtime rate} = m \times R
   $$
   
   where $$ m $$ is the overtime multiplier (for example, $$ m = 1.5 $$).

2. **Identify Regular Hours and Overtime Hours**

Suppose an employee works a total of $$ T $$ hours in a pay period, and the standard number of hours before overtime applies is $$ S $$ hours. The number of overtime hours $$ H_o $$ is calculated as:
   
   $$
   H_o = T - S \quad \text{if} \quad T > S
   $$
   
   Otherwise, if $$ T \leq S $$, then there are no overtime hours ($$ H_o = 0 $$).

3. **Calculate the Overtime Pay**

Multiply the overtime hourly rate by the number of overtime hours to obtain the overtime pay $$ P_o $$:
   
   $$
   P_o = H_o \times m \times R
   $$
   
4. **Example Calculation**

For example, if an employee earns $$ R = \$20 $$ per hour, the overtime multiplier is $$ m = 1.5 $$, the standard shift is $$ S = 40 $$ hours, and the employee worked $$ T = 45 $$ hours in a week:
   
   - Calculate overtime hours:
     
     $$
     H_o = 45 - 40 = 5 \quad \text{hours}
     $$
     
   - Then, calculate overtime pay:
     
     $$
     P_o = 5 \times 1.5 \times 20 = 5 \times 30 = \$150
     $$
     
Thus, the employee earns an additional overtime pay of \$150.
To calculate overtime pay, first determine the regular hourly wage and the overtime multiplier (usually 1.5). Then, find the number of overtime hours by subtracting the standard hours from the total hours worked. Multiply the overtime hourly rate by the number of overtime hours to get the total overtime pay.

Explain how to calculate overtime pay.

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