Classifing samples Espanot (a) A city manager wants to poll residents about a park renovation. Which of the following best describes a stratified sample of residents? The city manager takes a list of the residents and selects every \( 7^{\text {th }} \) resident until 56 residents are selected. The first 56 residents who walk into city hall one day are easily acoessible. So, the city manager selects these residents. The city manager forms 7 groups of residents based on the residents' incomes. Then, she selects 8 residents at random from each group. (b) A consultant wants to ask workers at a factory about the workers' job satisfaction. Which of the following best describes a convenience sample of workers? All of the workers on the second floor of the factory building are easily accessible. So, the consultant selects the first 72 workers from the second floor to arrive at work on a particular day. The consultant forms groups of 8 workers based on the lengths of time the workers have worked at the factory. Then, he randornly chooses 9 groups and selects all of the workers in these groups. The consultant assigns each worker a different number. Using a random number table, he draws 72 of those numbers at randorn. Then, the consultant selects the workers assigned to the drawn numbers. Every set of 72 workers is equally likely to be drawn using the random number table. (c) A manager at a bus company wants to survey employees about the new uniforms. Which of the following best describes a duster sample of employees? The manager forms 5 groups of employees based on the departments the employees are in. Then, she selects 18 employees at random from each group. The manager takes a list of the employees and selects every \( 5^{\text {th }} \) employee until 90 employees are selected. The manager forms groups of 30 employees based on the departments the employees are in. Then, she selects all of the employees in 3 randomly chosen groups.
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Stratified sampling is like a delicious layered cake! By grouping residents based on a characteristic—like income—the city manager ensures diverse voices are heard in the park renovation poll. Instead of leaving it to chance, selecting 8 residents from each income group guarantees opinions from all walks of life, creating a richer and more representative sample. In the world of convenience sampling, think of it as a last-minute snack raid! The consultant picks the first 72 workers arriving from the second floor simply because they're easily accessible, rather than taking a more systematic approach. While this method might seem simple and quick, it can lead to biased results, as those workers may not represent the full diversity of job satisfaction across all factory employees.
