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Homework \( 6-4 \) Ouestion 2 of 7 (3 points) I Question Attempt 1 of 5 Use the normal approximation to the binomial to find the probability for \( n=10, p=0.5 \), and \( X \geq 7 \). Use 9 The Standard Normal Distribution Table. Round \( z \) - value calculations to 2 decimal places and final answer to 4 decimal places. The probability is

Ask by Chan Ward. in the United States
Mar 11,2025

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The probability is approximately 0.1711.

Solution

1. The binomial distribution has parameters \( n=10 \) and \( p=0.5 \). Its mean and variance are: \[ \mu = np = 10 \times 0.5 = 5, \] \[ \sigma^2 = np(1-p) = 10 \times 0.5 \times 0.5 = 2.5. \] The standard deviation is: \[ \sigma = \sqrt{2.5} \approx 1.58. \] 2. We are asked to approximate the probability \( P(X \geq 7) \) using the normal distribution. Applying the continuity correction, we have: \[ P(X \geq 7) \approx P(Y \geq 6.5), \] where \( Y \) is normally distributed with mean \(\mu = 5\) and standard deviation \(\sigma \approx 1.58\). 3. To find \( P(Y \geq 6.5) \), we convert to the standard normal variable \( Z \) as follows: \[ Z = \frac{Y - \mu}{\sigma} = \frac{6.5 - 5}{1.58} \approx \frac{1.5}{1.58} \approx 0.95. \] 4. Using the standard normal distribution table, the cumulative probability for \( Z = 0.95 \) is approximately: \[ \Phi(0.95) \approx 0.8289. \] Therefore, the probability we are looking for is: \[ P(Z \geq 0.95) = 1 - \Phi(0.95) \approx 1 - 0.8289 = 0.1711. \] 5. The final answer, rounded to four decimal places, is: \[ 0.1711. \]

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To use the normal approximation to the binomial distribution, we first need to calculate the mean (\( \mu \)) and standard deviation (\( \sigma \)) for our binomial distribution. Here, with \( n = 10 \) and \( p = 0.5 \): Mean: \[ \mu = n \cdot p = 10 \cdot 0.5 = 5 \] Standard Deviation: \[ \sigma = \sqrt{n \cdot p \cdot (1 - p)} = \sqrt{10 \cdot 0.5 \cdot 0.5} = \sqrt{2.5} \approx 1.58 \] Now, to find \( P(X \geq 7) \), we first convert this to a standard normal variable \( z \). We apply the continuity correction by considering \( X \geq 6.5 \): Calculating the \( z \)-score: \[ z = \frac{x - \mu}{\sigma} = \frac{6.5 - 5}{1.58} \approx 0.95 \] Now we can look this \( z \)-value up in the Standard Normal Distribution Table. The table typically gives us the area to the left of \( z \), which we find to be approximately 0.8289. To find the area to the right (which is our probability of \( P(X \geq 7) \)): \[ P(X \geq 7) = 1 - P(Z < 0.95) \approx 1 - 0.8289 = 0.1711 \] Thus, the probability is approximately: **0.1711**

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