Question 11 (10 points) List and describe the four ways stated in the text in which people have defined art in the past.

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1. **Art as Imitation (Mimesis)**  
   This definition holds that art is a representation or imitation of nature or reality. Historically rooted in classical philosophy, this approach views the aim of art as capturing and accurately reflecting the observable world.

2. **Art as Expression**  
   According to this view, art is primarily a vehicle for expressing the emotions, thoughts, or inner experiences of the artist. The value of art is found in its ability to communicate subjective feeling, rather than in its strictly realistic depiction of the external world.

3. **Art as an Aesthetic Experience**  
   Here, emphasis is placed on the sensory and perceptual engagement of the audience. Art is defined by its capacity to provide a distinctive aesthetic experience—one in which beauty, form, and style are paramount. The artwork is appreciated for the formal qualities it exhibits (such as line, color, texture, and composition), often independent of any narrative content.

4. **Art as a Vehicle for Meaning or Communication**  
   This approach sees art not only as an expression of internal states or an aesthetic object but also as a medium for conveying ideas, cultural values, or social commentary. In this view, the meaning of art is interwoven with its context and purpose, sometimes challenging the notion that art is autonomous or self-contained.

Each of these definitions reflects a different historical perspective on what constitutes art, emphasizing aspects of imitation, emotional expression, aesthetic form, or communicative function.
Art has been defined in four main ways: 1. **Imitation (Mimesis):** Art is seen as a copy or representation of the real world. 2. **Expression:** Art expresses the artist's emotions and inner experiences. 3. **Aesthetic Experience:** Art is valued for its beauty and formal qualities. 4. **Communication:** Art conveys ideas, cultural values, or social messages. Each definition highlights a different aspect of what art is and how it functions.

Question 11 (10 points) List and describe the four ways stated in the text in which people have defined art in the past.

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