1. The layers of the Earth from outside to inside are inner core, outer core, mantle, crust. \( \qquad \) 2. The inner core has the highest temperature of all layers. \( \qquad \) 3. As you move deeper into the Earth, temperature and density decrease. \( \qquad \) 4. The continental and oceanic crust are the same in thickness. \( \qquad \) 5. Continental crust is mostly composed of granite. \( \qquad \) 6. The lithosphere is molten rock. \( \qquad \) 7. The asthenosphere is composed of molten rock. \( \qquad \) 8. Convection currents occur in the lithosphere and asthenosphere. \( \qquad \) 9. Iron and nickel are found in the mantle. \( \qquad \) 10. The earth is a sphere. \( \qquad \)

Below is an evaluation of each statement: 1. “The layers of the Earth from outside to inside are inner core, outer core, mantle, crust.”   • This ordering is reversed. The correct order from the outside in is: crust, mantle, outer core, inner core.   • Result: False 2. “The inner core has the highest temperature of all layers.”   • The inner core is extremely hot (roughly comparable in temperature to the Sun’s surface) and is the hottest layer even though it is solid.   • Result: True 3. “As you move deeper into the Earth, temperature and density decrease.”   • In fact, both temperature and density increase as you move toward the center of the Earth.   • Result: False 4. “The continental and oceanic crust are the same in thickness.”   • Continental crust is generally thicker (averaging about 30–40 km) than the oceanic crust (typically about 5–10 km thick).   • Result: False 5. “Continental crust is mostly composed of granite.”   • Continental crust is indeed largely composed of silica-rich, granitic rocks.   • Result: True 6. “The lithosphere is molten rock.”   • The lithosphere is the rigid outer layer of the Earth (including the crust and the uppermost mantle). It is solid. The molten or ductile region is the asthenosphere.   • Result: False 7. “The asthenosphere is composed of molten rock.”   • The asthenosphere is a partially molten, ductile region in the upper mantle. Describing it as “molten rock” is an oversimplification since it is not completely liquid, but rather behaves plastically.   • Result: False 8. “Convection currents occur in the lithosphere and asthenosphere.”   • Convection currents primarily occur in the asthenosphere, where the partially molten rock can flow. The lithosphere, though it moves as tectonic plates, is not the region where the convection processes themselves take place.   • Result: False 9. “Iron and nickel are found in the mantle.”   • Though the highest concentrations of iron and nickel are in the core, iron (and to a lesser extent, nickel) is also present in mantle minerals (such as olivine and pyroxene). Thus, they are found in the mantle, even if not in the same proportions as in the core.   • Result: True 10. “The Earth is a sphere.”   • While Earth is more accurately described as an oblate spheroid (slightly flattened at the poles), it is essentially spherical.   • Result: True Summary: 1: False 2: True 3: False 4: False 5: True 6: False 7: False 8: False 9: True 10: True