QUESTION 1: THE CAUSES AND OUTBREAK OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR (1919-1945) Write a good explanation of EACH of the following terms: 1.1 Democracy (2) $$ \qquad $$ 1.2 Fascism (2) $$ \qquad $$ 1.3 Propaganda (2) $$ \qquad $$ 1.4 Holocaust (2) $$ \qquad $$ 1.5 Swastika (2) $$ \qquad $$ [10] QUESTION 2: THE CAUSES AND OUTBREAK OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR (1919-1945) 2.1. Briefly explain how Germany was punished during the Treaty of Versailles. (10) $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$ $$ \qquad $$

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### QUESTION 1: THE CAUSES AND OUTBREAK OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR (1919-1945)

1.1 **Democracy (2)**  
Democracy is a system of government in which power is vested in the people, who exercise that power directly or through elected representatives. It is characterized by free and fair elections, the rule of law, and the protection of individual rights and freedoms. In a democratic society, citizens have the right to participate in decision-making processes and hold their leaders accountable.

1.2 **Fascism (2)**  
Fascism is a far-right authoritarian political ideology that emphasizes strong, centralized control, often led by a dictatorial leader. It promotes nationalism, militarism, and the suppression of political opposition. Fascism rejects democratic governance and advocates for a totalitarian state where the government has significant control over many aspects of life, including the economy, culture, and education.

1.3 **Propaganda (2)**  
Propaganda is the dissemination of information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread to influence public opinion and promote a particular agenda. It often involves biased or misleading information and is used by governments, organizations, or individuals to shape perceptions, mobilize support, or demonize opponents. Propaganda can take various forms, including posters, films, speeches, and social media.

1.4 **Holocaust (2)**  
The Holocaust refers to the systematic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jews and millions of others
### QUESTION 1: THE CAUSES AND OUTBREAK OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR (1919-1945) 1.1 **Democracy** Democracy is a system where people choose leaders and make decisions together, ensuring everyone's rights are protected. 1.2 **Fascism** Fascism is a strong, controlling government led by a leader who doesn't let people choose, and it promotes national pride and military power. 1.3 **Propaganda** Propaganda is when someone spreads information to make people think or feel a certain way, often to support a cause or leader. 1.4 **Holocaust** The Holocaust was a time when many Jews and others were cruelly treated and killed by the Nazis. 1.5 **Swastika** The swastika is a symbol used by the Nazi party, representing their beliefs and ideology. ### QUESTION 2: THE CAUSES AND OUTBREAK OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR (1919-1945) 2.1 **Treaty of Versailles** After World War I, the Treaty of Versailles punished Germany by making it pay for the war, reduce its army, give up land, and accept blame for the war. This made Germany angry and set the stage for World War II. - Germany was forced to pay huge amounts of money to other countries. - Its army was limited to a small size. - Germany had to give up some of its land to other countries. - Germany was made to accept full responsibility for starting the war. This harsh treatment led to resentment and economic hardship in Germany, contributing to the rise of the Nazi party and the outbreak of World War II.

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