\( \begin{array}{lll}\text { (a) For Step \#1 and Step \#2, state the property that can be used to justify it. } \\ \text { Original: } & 8 y+7+2 y+11 & \\ \text { Step \#1: } & 8 y+2 y+7+11 & \text { Property: } \\ \text { Step \#2: } & (8 y+2 y)+(7+11) & \text { Property: } \\ \text { Step \#3: } & 10 y+18 & \end{array} \)

For Step #1, the property that can be used to justify it is the **Commutative Property of Addition**, which states that you can add two or more numbers in any order. For Step #2, the property that justifies the step is the **Associative Property of Addition**, which allows you to group numbers in different ways when adding them without changing the sum.