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11. Die Strahlung von Cäsium 137 wird durch \( 3,5 \mathrm{~cm} \) dicke Aluminiumschichten, die von Cobalt 60 erst durch \( 5,3 \mathrm{~cm} \) dicke Schichten um die Hälfte geschwächt. a) Wie viele 2 cm dicke Platten benötigt man, wenn man die jeweilige Strahlung auf \( 5 \% \) reduzieren will? b) Die Dichte von Aluminium beträgt \( 2,7 \frac{\mathrm{~g}}{\mathrm{~cm}^{3}} \). Welche Masse hat die jeweilige Abschirmung, wenn die Platten quadratisch mit einer Seitenlänge von 5 cm sind?

Ask by Ryan Page. in the United Kingdom
Mar 17,2025

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To reduce the radiation from Cesium 137 and Cobalt 60 to 5%, approximately 2 layers of 2 cm thick aluminum plates are needed. Each plate has a mass of 135 grams.

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Um die Strahlung auf \( 5 \% \) zu reduzieren, müssen wir die Abschwächung berücksichtigen. Bei Cäsium 137 ist eine \( 3,5 \, \mathrm{cm} \) dicke Aluminiumschicht notwendig, um die Strahlung um die Hälfte zu reduzieren. Die Formel zur Berechnung der Anzahl der benötigten \( 2 \, \mathrm{cm} \) dicken Platten lautet \( n = \frac{\log\left(\frac{I_0}{I_f}\right)}{\log(2)} \), wobei \( I_0 \) die ursprüngliche Intensität und \( I_f \) die gewünschte Intensität ist. Um auf eine Reduktion auf \( 5 \% \) zu kommen, setzen wir die Werte ein und berechnen die erforderliche Anzahl von Platten. Für die Masse der Platten rechnen wir mit der Dichte von Aluminium: Zuerst berechnen wir das Volumen einer \( 2 \, \mathrm{cm} \) dicken Platte mit einer Seitenlänge von \( 5 \, \mathrm{cm} \). Das Volumen beträgt \( V = 5 \, \mathrm{cm} \times 5 \, \mathrm{cm} \times 2 \, \mathrm{cm} = 50 \, \mathrm{cm}^3 \). Da Aluminium eine Dichte von \( 2,7 \, \frac{\mathrm{g}}{\mathrm{cm}^{3}} \) hat, berechnen wir die Masse mit der Formel \( m = \text{Dichte} \times \text{Volumen} \), was uns die Masse einer Platte gibt. Außerdem multiplizieren wir diese Masse mit der Anzahl der Platten, um die Gesamtmasse der Abschirmung zu erhalten.

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