Question
Which of the following responses is the expression for \( \int \tan ^{4}(x) d x \) ? \( \frac{\tan ^{3}(x)}{3}-\tan (x)-x+C \) \( \frac{\tan ^{3}(x)}{3}+\tan (x)+x+C \) \( \frac{\tan ^{3}(x)}{3}-\tan (x)+x+C \) \( -\frac{\tan ^{3}(x)}{3}+\tan (x)+x+C \)
Ask by Clarke Gibbs. in the United States
Mar 11,2025
Upstudy AI Solution
Tutor-Verified Answer
Answer
The integral of \( \tan^{4}(x) \) with respect to \( x \) is \( \frac{1}{3}\tan^{3}(x) - \tan(x) + x + C \).
Solution
Calculate the integral \( \int \tan^{4}(x) dx \).
Evaluate the integral by following steps:
- step0: Evaluate using formulas and rules:
\(\int \tan^{4}\left(x\right) dx\)
- step1: Evaluate the integral:
\(\frac{\tan^{4-1}\left(x\right)}{4-1}-\int \tan^{4-2}\left(x\right) dx\)
- step2: Subtract the numbers:
\(\frac{\tan^{3}\left(x\right)}{4-1}-\int \tan^{4-2}\left(x\right) dx\)
- step3: Subtract the numbers:
\(\frac{\tan^{3}\left(x\right)}{4-1}-\int \tan^{2}\left(x\right) dx\)
- step4: Subtract the numbers:
\(\frac{\tan^{3}\left(x\right)}{3}-\int \tan^{2}\left(x\right) dx\)
- step5: Simplify the expression:
\(\frac{1}{3}\tan^{3}\left(x\right)-\int \tan^{2}\left(x\right) dx\)
- step6: Evaluate the integral:
\(\frac{1}{3}\tan^{3}\left(x\right)-\left(\tan\left(x\right)-x\right)\)
- step7: Remove the parentheses:
\(\frac{1}{3}\tan^{3}\left(x\right)-\tan\left(x\right)+x\)
- step8: Add the constant of integral C:
\(\frac{1}{3}\tan^{3}\left(x\right)-\tan\left(x\right)+x + C, C \in \mathbb{R}\)
The expression for \( \int \tan^{4}(x) dx \) is \( \frac{1}{3}\tan^{3}(x) - \tan(x) + x + C \), where \( C \) is a constant.
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Bonus Knowledge
To tackle the integral \( \int \tan^{4}(x) \, dx \), we can use the identity \( \tan^2(x) = \sec^2(x) - 1 \) to rewrite the integrand. This transforms our integral into a combination of polynomials and easier terms, making it easier to solve. If you integrate the result correctly, you will arrive at the proper expression! Upon evaluating the integral, the correct response is \( \frac{\tan^{3}(x)}{3} - \tan(x) + x + C \). Just remember to keep track of all those signs and terms!