TRUE OR FALSE Directions: Read each of the statements carefully. Write TRUE if the statement is true and write FALSE if the statement is false. Do this in your activity notebook. 1. When an object is stationary, all of the forces acting on it are balanced. 2. The only way to slow down a moving object is to apply a force to it. 3. An object in motion will slow down if acted on by an force in the direction of motion. 4. According to Galileo the ball would decrease in speed when rolling in a horizontal plane. 5. Law of inertia states that gravity is needed in order for a body to move. 6. Galileo observed that a ball released down from an inclined plane will reached exactly the same height as it simultaneously rolls up in another inclined plane. 7. According to Galileo, heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones. 8. In the absence of air resistance, a dry cotton ball would fall faster than a stone. 9. In a vacuum, a feather falls faster than a metal ball.

1. \( \textbf{TRUE} \)  An object at rest implies that the net force acting on it is zero. 2. \( \textbf{TRUE} \)  According to Newton's second law, a change in the motion (including slowing down) requires a net force acting on the object. Friction or any other force that opposes the motion acts to slow it down. 3. \( \textbf{FALSE} \)  A force in the direction of motion will accelerate the object, not slow it down. To slow down an object, the net force must be opposite to the direction of its motion. 4. \( \textbf{FALSE} \)  Galileo’s studies indicated that in the absence of significant friction (ideal conditions) an object on a horizontal plane would continue moving at constant speed given its inertia; it would not decrease in speed spontaneously. 5. \( \textbf{FALSE} \)  The law of inertia (Newton’s first law) states that a body continues in its state of rest or uniform motion unless acted on by an unbalanced force. It does not require gravity for a body to move. 6. \( \textbf{TRUE} \)  Galileo observed that a ball rolling down an inclined plane would convert its potential energy into kinetic energy, and when it rolls up another inclined plane (with negligible friction), it can reach the same height from which it was released. 7. \( \textbf{FALSE} \)  Galileo demonstrated through his experiments that, in the absence of air resistance, all objects fall at the same rate regardless of their mass. 8. \( \textbf{FALSE} \)  In the absence of air resistance, all objects accelerate at the same rate due to gravity. Therefore, a dry cotton ball and a stone would fall at the same rate. 9. \( \textbf{FALSE} \)  In a vacuum, where there is no air resistance, a feather and a metal ball fall at the same rate according to the principle of uniform acceleration.