(j)* Engineers use two formulae to design electrical circuits: \( \mathrm{P}=\mathrm{IV} \) and \( \mathrm{V}=\mathrm{LR} \) If \( \mathrm{P}=100 \) and \( \mathrm{R}=4 \), calculate the positive value of L . (k)* The formulae for the surface area and volume of a cylinder are \( \mathrm{S}=2 \pi r^{2}+2 \pi r h \) and \( \mathrm{V}=\pi r^{2} h \). Calculate the surface area ( S ) if \( r=3 \) and \( \mathrm{V}=45 \pi \). (1)* Given the formula \( v=\sqrt{u^{2}+2 a s} \). (1) Calculate the value of \( v \) if \( u=8, a=6 \) and \( s=3 \). (2) Calculate the positive value of \( u \) if \( v=6, a=0,5 \) and \( s=11 \).
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For the first problem, to find L, we start with the formula \( \mathrm{P}= \mathrm{IV} \). Here, we need to derive V since \( \mathrm{V} = \mathrm{LR} \). Rearranging gives us \( \mathrm{V} = \frac{P}{I} = \frac{100}{I} \). Setting that equal to \( \mathrm{LR} = L \cdot 4 \) leads to \( L = \frac{100}{4I} \). If we want the positive value of L, we must also have I > 0. For L to be determined conclusively, we need the value of I. Jumping to the second question, using the formula for the surface area \( S = 2 \pi r^{2} + 2 \pi r h \), we know \( V = \pi r^{2} h \). By rearranging gives us \( h = \frac{V}{\pi r^{2}} = \frac{45 \pi}{\pi (3^2)} = \frac{45}{9} = 5 \). Substituting our radius r = 3 and height h = 5 into the surface area formula, we calculate \( S = 2 \pi (3)^2 + 2 \pi (3)(5) = 18\pi + 30\pi = 48\pi \). Now, let’s get into some fun facts! Did you know that the formula \( \mathrm{P}=\mathrm{IV} \) stands for power being the product of current (I) and voltage (V)? This is the foundation of electrical engineering, used by engineers to efficiently design circuits, making sure your favorite gadgets work just right! And speaking of cylinders, the ancient Greek mathematician Archimedes actually laid the groundwork for calculating volumes of solids, including cylinders! He discovered some of these fundamental geometric principles over 2,000 years ago, and we still use his formulas today. Isn’t math enchanting?