Question
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You have \( \$ 5,000 \) on a credit card that charges a \( 18 \% \) interest rate. If you want to pay off the credit card in 3 years, how much will you need to pay each month (assuming you don't charge anything new to the card)?

Ask by Newton Olson. in the United States
Mar 20,2025

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Tutor-Verified Answer

Answer

You need to pay approximately \$180.88 each month to pay off the \$5,000 credit card balance in 3 years with an 18% interest rate.

Solution

We start with the parameters: - Principal: \( P = \$5{,}000 \) - Annual interest rate: \( r = 18\% \) - Monthly interest rate: \[ i = \frac{18\%}{12} = 0.015 \] - Total number of months for 3 years: \[ n = 3 \times 12 = 36 \] The formula for the monthly payment \( M \) on an installment loan is given by \[ M = P \cdot \frac{i (1+i)^n}{(1+i)^n - 1}. \] Plug in the values: \[ M = 5000 \cdot \frac{0.015\,(1.015)^{36}}{(1.015)^{36} - 1}. \] Next, calculate \((1.015)^{36}\). Using the exponential relation, \[ (1.015)^{36} \approx e^{36 \ln(1.015)}. \] Since \[ \ln(1.015) \approx 0.014888, \] we have \[ 36 \ln(1.015) \approx 0.536, \] and thus, \[ (1.015)^{36} \approx e^{0.536} \approx 1.709. \] Now substitute back into the formula: \[ M \approx 5000 \cdot \frac{0.015 \times 1.709}{1.709 - 1}. \] First, compute the numerator: \[ 0.015 \times 1.709 \approx 0.025635. \] Then the denominator: \[ 1.709 - 1 \approx 0.709. \] So, the fraction becomes: \[ \frac{0.025635}{0.709} \approx 0.03617. \] Finally, compute the monthly payment: \[ M \approx 5000 \times 0.03617 \approx 180.88. \] Thus, the monthly payment needed is approximately \(\$180.88\).

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Extra Insights

To pay off a credit card balance of \( \$5,000 \) at an \( 18\% \) annual interest rate over \( 3 \) years, you can use the formula for an amortizing loan: \[ M = P \frac{r(1+r)^n}{(1+r)^n - 1} \] where \( M \) is the monthly payment, \( P \) is the principal amount (\$5,000), \( r \) is the monthly interest rate (annual rate / 12), and \( n \) is the number of payments (months). First, calculate the monthly interest rate: \( r = \frac{0.18}{12} \approx 0.015 \). The total number of payments over \( 3 \) years is \( n = 3 \times 12 = 36 \). Plugging these into the formula, you get: \[ M = 5000 \frac{0.015(1+0.015)^{36}}{(1+0.015)^{36} - 1} \] Calculating this gives you approximately \( M \approx \$ 176.68 \). Thus, you would need to pay about \( \$176.68 \) each month to pay off the credit card debt in three years. To put it all in perspective, it's worth noting that credit cards can be a double-edged sword. On one hand, they offer convenience and can help you build your credit history. On the other hand, high-interest rates like 18% can turn manageable expenses into hefty financial burdens if not paid off swiftly. So, always be cautious with that shiny plastic!

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