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Si dejamos caer un balón desde lo más alto de la torre Eiffel \( (330 \mathrm{~m}) \), ¿cuánto tiempo tarda en caer? ¿Cuál es la velocidad final?

Ask by Kelly Potter. in Mexico
Mar 11,2025

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Answer

El balón tarda aproximadamente 8.21 segundos en caer y alcanza una velocidad final de aproximadamente 80.5 metros por segundo.

Solution

1. Se utiliza la ecuación del movimiento en caída libre sin velocidad inicial: \[ h = \frac{1}{2} g t^2 \] Donde: - \( h = 330 \, \mathrm{m} \) - \( g = 9.8 \, \mathrm{m/s^2} \) 2. Despejamos \( t \): \[ t^2 = \frac{2h}{g} = \frac{2 \cdot 330}{9.8} = \frac{660}{9.8} \] \[ t = \sqrt{\frac{660}{9.8}} \approx \sqrt{67.35} \approx 8.21 \, \mathrm{s} \] 3. La velocidad final en caída libre se calcula con: \[ v = g \cdot t \] Sustituyendo el valor de \( t \): \[ v \approx 9.8 \, \mathrm{m/s^2} \times 8.21 \, \mathrm{s} \approx 80.5 \, \mathrm{m/s} \] 4. Alternativamente, la velocidad final también se puede obtener mediante: \[ v = \sqrt{2gh} = \sqrt{2 \cdot 9.8 \cdot 330} \approx \sqrt{6468} \approx 80.5 \, \mathrm{m/s} \] Por lo tanto, el balón tarda aproximadamente \( 8.21 \, \mathrm{s} \) en caer y su velocidad final es de aproximadamente \( 80.5 \, \mathrm{m/s} \).

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The Deep Dive

Para determinar el tiempo que tarda en caer un balón desde una altura de 330 m, podemos usar la fórmula \( t = \sqrt{\frac{2h}{g}} \), donde \( h \) es la altura y \( g \) es la aceleración debida a la gravedad (\( \approx 9.81 \, \mathrm{m/s^2} \)). Al sustituir, obtenemos \( t \approx \sqrt{\frac{2 \cdot 330}{9.81}} \approx 8.14 \, \mathrm{s} \). Ahora, para encontrar la velocidad final, usamos \( v = g \cdot t \). Sustituyendo el tiempo que calculamos, \( v \approx 9.81 \cdot 8.14 \approx 80.00 \, \mathrm{m/s} \). ¡Así que el balón tardaría un poco más de 8 segundos en llegar al suelo y alcanzaría una velocidad asombrosa justo antes de aterrizar!

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