10. According to to the text, why do people live mostly in the northern and southern parts of Africa?

People tend to live in the northern and southern parts of Africa primarily due to the favorable climate and geography found in these regions. The northern area, encompassing countries like Egypt and Morocco, boasts a more Mediterranean climate with milder temperatures and reliable rainfall, making agriculture viable. Similarly, the southern regions, such as South Africa, have temperate climates ideal for farming and provide better access to resources like freshwater and arable land. Additionally, the central parts of Africa, characterized by dense forests and harsher climates, present challenges such as limited agricultural opportunities and disease prevalence, which deter population settlement. As a result, the northern and southern edges of the continent have developed bustling cities and settlements, thriving with cultural and economic activities.