1. Define the following terminology: (a). Discrimination (b). Xenophobia (c). Sexual Orientation

**(a) Discrimination** Discrimination refers to the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people or things, especially on the grounds of race, age, gender, religion, or other personal characteristics. It involves treating individuals or groups unfairly based on these attributes rather than on individual merit. --- **(b) Xenophobia** Xenophobia is the fear, hatred, or prejudice against people from other countries or cultures. It manifests as a rejection of foreigners and can lead to social exclusion, hostility, and violence against individuals or groups perceived as different. --- **(c) Sexual Orientation** Sexual orientation describes an individual's pattern of romantic or sexual attraction to others. Common categories include heterosexuality (attraction to a different gender), homosexuality (attraction to the same gender), bisexuality (attraction to both genders), and other identities. It is an intrinsic aspect of a person's identity and can be independent of biological sex, gender identity, or other social constructs.