8) Show that the sum of \( n \) terms of the sevies \( 1+3+5+7+\cdots \) is given by Sn \( =n^{2} \) and hence find the sum of the 50 odd numbers \( 1+3,+5+7+\ldots+99 \).
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To show that the sum of the first \( n \) odd numbers is \( S_n = n^2 \), we start by observing the series: \( 1, 3, 5, 7, \ldots \). The \( n \)-th term of this sequence can be expressed as \( a_n = 2n - 1 \). The sum \( S_n \) of the first \( n \) terms is: \[ S_n = 1 + 3 + 5 + \ldots + (2n - 1) \] We can also represent \( S_n \) using the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series: \[ S_n = \frac{n}{2} \times ( \text{first term} + \text{last term}) = \frac{n}{2}(1 + (2n - 1)) = \frac{n}{2}(2n) = n^2 \] Hence, \( S_n = n^2 \). Now to find the sum of the first 50 odd numbers, we set \( n = 50 \): \[ S_{50} = 50^2 = 2500 \] So, the sum of the odd numbers \( 1 + 3 + 5 + \ldots + 99 \) is \( 2500 \).