c) What is the importance of Piet dam to the community Iiving around it? (4) 2.2 .8 e) Does mapped ares msceives segsonal or throughout rainfall. (1×1) (1) b) Glve ressons for your answer (2) 2.2 .3 List the impects that Open Cast ming in Block D1 could on the natural on the natural physical ombironment. (3X2) (6) 2.2.4 The diggings in block DA are evidence of the mine in the ares, briefly discuss the impact of the mine industry in the atmoephere (202) (4) 2.2.5 Refer to the Orthophoto Map: feature labelled 6 appears bigger on the Orthophote map than on the Topographical map explain why. (2). QUESTION 3 -3.1.1 Deffine the torm geographical information system \( (1 \times 2)(2) \) Choose one word from the brackets to make the statement true. 3.1.2 A procise location of a festure is a rasta data/spatial data (1) 3.1.3 Resta fyector data shows a geographical feature by means of pixels or grids (1) 3.1.4 Name three types of vector data and give one example for each in block D1 and D2 (2×3) (6) 3.2.1Give 3 components of GIS. (3) TOTAL 60

Let's break down the questions and provide detailed answers step by step. ### 1. Importance of Piet Dam to the Community (4 points) 1. **Water Supply**: Piet Dam provides a crucial source of water for drinking, irrigation, and livestock, supporting the community's agricultural activities. 2. **Recreation**: The dam serves as a recreational area for fishing, boating, and picnicking, enhancing the quality of life for residents. 3. **Ecosystem Support**: It supports local wildlife and biodiversity, contributing to the ecological balance in the area. 4. **Economic Opportunities**: The dam can attract tourism and related businesses, providing economic benefits to the community. ### 2.2.8 e) Rainfall Pattern (1 point) - **Answer**: The mapped area receives seasonal rainfall. ### b) Reasons for Seasonal Rainfall (2 points) 1. **Climatic Conditions**: The region may experience distinct wet and dry seasons due to its climatic zone, leading to seasonal rainfall patterns. 2. **Geographical Features**: The presence of mountains or other geographical features can influence weather patterns, causing rain to fall during specific seasons. ### 2.2.3 Impacts of Open Cast Mining in Block D1 on the Natural Environment (6 points) 1. **Land Degradation**: Open cast mining leads to the removal of vegetation and soil, resulting in land degradation. 2. **Water Pollution**: Mining activities can contaminate local water sources with heavy metals and other pollutants. 3. **Biodiversity Loss**: The destruction of habitats can lead to a decline in local flora and fauna, impacting biodiversity. ### 2.2.4 Impact of the Mining Industry on the Atmosphere (4 points) 1. **Air Pollution**: Mining operations release dust and emissions, contributing to air quality degradation. 2. **Greenhouse Gas Emissions**: The machinery used in mining can emit greenhouse gases, contributing to climate change. 3. **Noise Pollution**: Mining activities generate significant noise, which can affect local wildlife and human health. 4. **Visual Impact**: The landscape alteration from mining can lead to a loss of natural beauty, affecting the community's aesthetic environment. ### 2.2.5 Explanation of Feature Size on Orthophoto vs. Topographical Map (2 points) - **Answer**: Feature labeled 6 appears bigger on the Orthophoto map than on the Topographical map because orthophotos provide a realistic aerial view with true-to-scale representations, while topographical maps may simplify or abstract features, leading to size discrepancies. ### QUESTION 3 #### 3.1.1 Definition of Geographic Information System (2 points) - **Answer**: A Geographic Information System (GIS) is a framework for gathering, managing, and analyzing spatial and geographic data. It integrates various data types to visualize and interpret spatial relationships. #### 3.1.2 Precise Location of a Feature (1 point) - **Answer**: Spatial data. #### 3.1.3 Raster Data Representation (1 point) - **Answer**: Raster data shows a geographical feature by means of pixels or grids. #### 3.1.4 Types of Vector Data and Examples (6 points) 1. **Point Data**: Example - Location of a well in Block D1. 2. **Line Data**: Example - Roads connecting Block D1 and D2. 3. **Polygon Data**: Example - Land use areas in Block D2. #### 3.2.1 Components of GIS (3 points) 1. **Hardware**: The physical devices used to collect and analyze data. 2. **Software**: The applications and programs that process and visualize geographic data. 3. **Data**: The geographic information that is analyzed and interpreted within the GIS. ### TOTAL: 60 points This structured approach provides clear answers to each question, ensuring that all aspects of the problem are addressed comprehensively.