Question

17) If the direction angles of the straight line are \( \boldsymbol{\theta}_{x}, \boldsymbol{\theta}_{y}, \boldsymbol{\theta}_{z} \), then \( \cos 2 \theta_{x}+\cos 2 \theta_{y}+\cos 2 \theta_{z}= \qquad \) a) -2 b) -1 c) 1 d) 2

Ask by Lewis Mcguire. in Egypt
Feb 28,2025

Upstudy AI Solution

Tutor-Verified Answer

Answer

\( \cos 2\theta_{x} + \cos 2\theta_{y} + \cos 2\theta_{z} = -1 \)

Solution

The direction cosines of a line satisfy   cos²θₓ + cos²θ_y + cos²θ_z = 1. Using the double-angle formula for cosine,   cos 2θ = 2cos²θ − 1. Thus, we can write:   cos 2θₓ + cos 2θ_y + cos 2θ_z = (2cos²θₓ − 1) + (2cos²θ_y − 1) + (2cos²θ_z − 1)                    = 2(cos²θₓ + cos²θ_y + cos²θ_z) − 3 Since cos²θₓ + cos²θ_y + cos²θ_z = 1, we have:   2(1) − 3 = -1. Thus, the answer is -1, which corresponds to option b).

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Extra Insights

Let's delve into the world of direction angles of a straight line! The direction angles \( \theta_{x}, \theta_{y}, \theta_{z} \) correspond to the angles that the line makes with the coordinate axes. One fascinating fact is that the sum of the cosines of the squares of these angles equals one, which forms a crucial part of understanding the geometry of three-dimensional space. Now, to tackle the equation \( \cos 2\theta_{x} + \cos 2\theta_{y} + \cos 2\theta_{z} \), we can apply the identity \( \cos 2\theta = 2\cos^2 \theta - 1 \). By substituting, you might notice that this gives you a relationship tied back to the properties of the direction cosines and leads us to conclude that the answer is \( \mathbf{c) \, 1} \).

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