Q8. Concentrated hydrochloric acid has a concentration of 12.1 moles per liter, How many milliliters of the concentrated acid should be used to create 3.25 L of a 0.100 M solution? (2 marks)

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To solve this problem, we need to use the concept of molarity and volume to determine the amount of concentrated hydrochloric acid required to create a 0.100 M solution.

Given:
- Concentration of concentrated hydrochloric acid = 12.1 moles per liter
- Volume of the solution to be created = 3.25 L
- Molarity of the solution to be created = 0.100 M

Let's denote the volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid to be used as $$V$$ liters.

The molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Therefore, the number of moles of hydrochloric acid required to create 3.25 L of 0.100 M solution is:
$$ \text{Number of moles} = \text{Molarity} \times \text{Volume} $$
$$ \text{Number of moles} = 0.100 \, \text{M} \times 3.25 \, \text{L} $$

Now, we can calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid required:
$$ \text{Number of moles} = 0.100 \times 3.25 = 0.325 \, \text{moles} $$

Since the concentration of concentrated hydrochloric acid is 12.1 moles per liter, the volume of concentrated acid required can be calculated as:
$$ V = \frac{\text{Number of moles}}{\text{Concentration}} $$
$$ V = \frac{0.325 \, \text{moles}}{12.1 \, \text{moles/L}} $$

Now, we can calculate the volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid required to create 3.25 L of 0.100 M solution.
Calculate the value by following steps:
- step0: Calculate:
  $$\frac{0.325}{12.1}$$
- step1: Convert the expressions:
  $$\frac{\frac{13}{40}}{\frac{121}{10}}$$
- step2: Multiply by the reciprocal:
  $$\frac{13}{40}\times \frac{10}{121}$$
- step3: Reduce the numbers:
  $$\frac{13}{4}\times \frac{1}{121}$$
- step4: Multiply the fractions:
  $$\frac{13}{4\times 121}$$
- step5: Multiply:
  $$\frac{13}{484}$$
The volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid required to create 3.25 L of 0.100 M solution is approximately 0.02686 liters or 26.86 milliliters.
To create 3.25 liters of a 0.100 M hydrochloric acid solution, you need approximately 26.86 milliliters of the concentrated 12.1 M hydrochloric acid.

Q8. Concentrated hydrochloric acid has a concentration of 12.1 moles per liter, How many milliliters of the concentrated acid should be used to create 3.25 L of a 0.100 M solution? (2 marks)

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