1.3 FIGURE 1.3, dopicts a tropical cyclone in its mature stage. 1.5.1 Identify TWO Ractors from the diagram that were responsible for the: original dovelopment pf this tropical cyclone. \[ (2 \times 1) \] (2) 1.3.2 Refer to arsas \( A \) and 8 on the diagram. (a) Idenify areas A and B respectively. \[ (2 \times 1) \] (b) Diflerentiate between the air movements at areas A and B respectivaly, \[ (1 \times 2) \] (c) Mention the roasons for the differences in alr movements as stated in QUESTION 1.3.2(b). \[ (2 \times 1) \] 1.3.3 Draw a labelled synoptic map representation of the stage of the tropical cycione being dspicked by the diagram. \( (3 \times 1) \) (3) 1.3.4 Explain how the situation described at C on the diagram wn have a negative influence on the economy of the affocted corstal regions, \[ (2 \times 2) \]

**1.5.1 Identify TWO factors from the diagram that were responsible for the original development of this tropical cyclone.** *(2 × 1 = 2 marks)* **Answer:** 1. **Warm Sea Surface Temperatures:** Tropical cyclones typically form over ocean waters with temperatures exceeding 26.5°C, providing the necessary heat and moisture to fuel the storm. 2. **Low Vertical Wind Shear:** Minimal variation in wind speed and direction with height allows the cyclone to maintain its structure and intensify. --- **1.3.2 Refer to areas A and B on the diagram.** **(a) Identify areas A and B respectively.** *(2 × 1 = 2 marks)* **Answer:** - **Area A:** The **Eye** of the tropical cyclone, characterized by calm and clear conditions. - **Area B:** The **Eyewall**, which surrounds the eye and contains the most intense winds and thunderstorms. **(b) Differentiate between the air movements at areas A and B respectively.** *(1 × 2 = 2 marks)* **Answer:** - **Area A (Eye):** **Sinking (Subsiding) Air Movement** – Air descends, leading to stable and calm conditions. - **Area B (Eyewall):** **Rising (Ascending) Air Movement** – Air ascends rapidly, causing intense convection and strong thunderstorms. **(c) Mention the reasons for the differences in air movements as stated in QUESTION 1.3.2(b).** *(2 × 1 = 2 marks)* **Answer:** The **Eye (Area A)** experiences sinking air due to the high-pressure area formed by downdrafts from surrounding convection, leading to stable conditions. In contrast, the **Eyewall (Area B)** experiences rising air because of intense heating and moisture release from strong updrafts, sustaining vigorous thunderstorms and low-pressure dynamics. --- **1.3.3 Draw a labelled synoptic map representation of the stage of the tropical cyclone being depicted by the diagram.** *(3 × 1 = 3 marks)* **Answer:** *Since a drawing cannot be provided here, a synoptic map of a mature tropical cyclone would typically include:* - **Low-Pressure Center:** Represented at the center of the cyclone. - **Concentric Isobars:** Lines of equal pressure spiraling inward towards the center, indicating increasing wind speeds. - **Symmetrical Spiral Rainbands:** Extending outward from the center, showing areas of precipitation and thunderstorms. - **Eye and Eyewall:** The eye marked at the center with the surrounding eyewall depicted by tightly packed isobars. *Ensure all elements are clearly labeled to reflect the structure of a mature tropical cyclone.* --- **1.3.4 Explain how the situation described at C on the diagram will have a negative influence on the economy of the affected coastal regions.** *(2 × 2 = 4 marks)* **Answer:** Assuming **Point C** refers to the **Storm Surge** or **Heavy Flooding** associated with the tropical cyclone: 1. **Damage to Infrastructure:** Storm surges and flooding can devastate buildings, roads, bridges, and utility systems, leading to costly repairs and reconstruction efforts. 2. **Disruption of Economic Activities:** Essential services such as businesses, agriculture, fisheries, and tourism may be halted or severely impacted, resulting in financial losses and reduced economic productivity in the affected coastal regions. ---