Membrane proteins serve many functions, one of which is transportation of substances across a membrane. If a cytologist placed cells into an environment where a chemical blocks the function of carrier proteins, which process will be affected? (A) osmosis. (B) diffusion. (C) facilitated diffusion. (D) active transport. (E) exocytosis.

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To determine which process will be affected by a chemical that blocks the function of carrier proteins, let's analyze the options provided:

1. **Osmosis**: This is the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane and does not directly involve carrier proteins.

2. **Diffusion**: This is the passive movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. It does not require carrier proteins.

3. **Facilitated Diffusion**: This process involves the movement of molecules across a membrane via specific carrier proteins. If these proteins are blocked, facilitated diffusion will be directly affected.

4. **Active Transport**: This process requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient, often using carrier proteins. If carrier proteins are blocked, active transport will also be affected.

5. **Exocytosis**: This is the process of vesicles fusing with the membrane to release substances outside the cell and does not involve carrier proteins.

Given this analysis, the processes that will be affected by the blockage of carrier proteins are **facilitated diffusion** and **active transport**. However, since the question asks for the process that will be affected specifically by the blocking of carrier proteins, the most direct answer is:

**(C) facilitated diffusion.**
Facilitated diffusion will be affected.

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