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Convert the point \( (x, y, z)=(-3,-5,-3) \) to cylindrical coordinates. Give answers as positive values, either as expressions, or decimals to one decimal place. \( (r, \theta, z)= \)

Ask by Nunez Burgess. in the United States
Mar 08,2025

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Answer

\( (r, \theta, z) = (5.8, 4.2, -3) \)

Solution

1. Compute \( r \) using \[ r = \sqrt{x^2 + y^2} = \sqrt{(-3)^2 + (-5)^2} = \sqrt{9+25} = \sqrt{34}. \] As a decimal, \[ \sqrt{34} \approx 5.8. \] 2. Compute \( \theta \): The initial angle is given by \[ \theta_{\text{init}} = \arctan\left(\frac{y}{x}\right) = \arctan\left(\frac{-5}{-3}\right) = \arctan\left(\frac{5}{3}\right) \approx 1.0\text{ rad (reference angle)}. \] Since both \( x \) and \( y \) are negative, the point lies in the third quadrant. Therefore, \[ \theta = \pi + \theta_{\text{ref}} \approx \pi + 1.0 \approx 4.2\text{ rad}. \] 3. The \( z \)-coordinate in cylindrical coordinates remains unchanged: \[ z = -3. \] Thus, the cylindrical coordinates of the point are \[ (r,\theta,z)=\left(\sqrt{34},\,4.2,\,-3\right). \]

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To convert the point \((x, y, z) = (-3, -5, -3)\) to cylindrical coordinates \((r, \theta, z)\), we start with the radial coordinate \(r\), which is calculated as \(r = \sqrt{x^2 + y^2}\). Calculating: \(r = \sqrt{(-3)^2 + (-5)^2} = \sqrt{9 + 25} = \sqrt{34}\). Next, we determine \(\theta\) using the formula \(\theta = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{y}{x}\right)\). Since both \(x\) and \(y\) are negative, the angle \(\theta\) is located in the third quadrant. Thus, we compute: \(\theta = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{-5}{-3}\right) = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{5}{3}\right)\), which can be calculated to approximately \(143.1^\circ\) (or \(3.14\) radians) when adjusted for the third quadrant. Finally, the \(z\) coordinate remains unchanged in cylindrical coordinates, so \(z = -3\). So the cylindrical coordinates are: \[ (r, \theta, z) = \left( \sqrt{34}, 143.1^\circ, -3 \right). \]

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