19. How are realistic situations created in plays featuring naturalism? A. By acting out stories based on the lives of real people B. By introducing various subplots throughout the main story C. Through the use of nonhuman characters commenting on human issues D. Through a close imitation of how people speak and behave in real life

Below is a step-by-step explanation for the answer: 1. **Understanding Naturalism:** Naturalistic plays are known for their detailed, faithful portrayals of everyday life. They emphasize a realistic depiction of dialogue, behavior, and situations. 2. **Evaluating the Options:** - **Option A:** Acting out stories based on the lives of real people might hint at realism, but the essence of naturalism is not merely about the subjects but about the realistic portrayal of language and behavior. - **Option B:** Introducing various subplots is a narrative technique but does not necessarily contribute to the realistic portrayal of everyday life. - **Option C:** Using nonhuman characters as commentators is a method often seen in allegorical or symbolic works, not in naturalistic drama. - **Option D:** A close imitation of how people speak and behave in real life directly captures the essence of naturalism. This technique creates realistic situations by reflecting everyday interactions. 3. **Conclusion:** The approach that best aligns with the principles of naturalism in plays is given by Option D. **Answer:** \( \textbf{D. Through a close imitation of how people speak and behave in real life} \)