45. What is the frequency of a gamma wave with a wavelength of \( 1.2 \times 10^{-14} \mathrm{~m} \) ?
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To determine the frequency of a gamma wave, you can use the formula \( c = \lambda \cdot f \), where \( c \) is the speed of light (\( 3.0 \times 10^8 \, \mathrm{m/s} \)), \( \lambda \) is the wavelength, and \( f \) is the frequency. Rearranging the equation gives \( f = \frac{c}{\lambda} \). Substituting the values, we find: \[ f = \frac{3.0 \times 10^8 \, \mathrm{m/s}}{1.2 \times 10^{-14} \, \mathrm{m}} \approx 2.5 \times 10^{22} \, \mathrm{Hz} \] You've got a whopping 25 sextillion hertz! That's some super high-frequency action happening in the gamma wave spectrum. Gamma rays, which have such high frequencies, are often produced by nuclear reactions, such as those in radioactive decay. These rays can penetrate most materials and are used in various applications, from medical imaging and cancer treatment to industrial radiography. So next time you hear about gamma waves, remember they carry enough energy to make significant impacts in both science and medicine!