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For the quadratic function \( f(x)=x^{2}-2 x-8 \), answer parts (a) through (c) (a) Graph the quadratic function by determining whether its graph opens up or down and by finding its vertex, axis of symmetry, \( y \)-intercept, and \( x \)-intercepts, if any.

Ask by Flynn Marsh. in the United States
Mar 01,2025

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Answer

The quadratic function \( f(x) = x^2 - 2x - 8 \) opens upward with its vertex at (1, -9), axis of symmetry at x = 1, y-intercept at (0, -8), and x-intercepts at (-2, 0) and (4, 0).

Solution

We are given f(x) = x² – 2x – 8. Let’s find the key features step by step. 1. Opening Direction:  • The coefficient of x² is 1 (which is positive), so the parabola opens upward. 2. Vertex:  • The x-coordinate of the vertex is found using –b/(2a). Here, a = 1 and b = –2:   x = –(–2)/(2·1) = 2/2 = 1.  • Now substitute x = 1 into f(x) to find the y-coordinate:   f(1) = (1)² – 2·1 – 8 = 1 – 2 – 8 = –9.  • So, the vertex is (1, –9). 3. Axis of Symmetry:  • The axis of symmetry is the vertical line through the vertex, which is x = 1. 4. y-intercept:  • The y-intercept is found by evaluating f(0):   f(0) = (0)² – 2·0 – 8 = –8.  • Therefore, the y-intercept is (0, –8). 5. x-intercepts:  • To find the x-intercepts, solve f(x) = 0:   x² – 2x – 8 = 0.  • Compute the discriminant:   D = (–2)² – 4·1·(–8) = 4 + 32 = 36.  • Use the quadratic formula:   x = [–(–2) ± √36] / (2·1) = [2 ± 6] / 2.   This gives two solutions:    x = (2 + 6)/2 = 8/2 = 4 and x = (2 – 6)/2 = –4/2 = –2.  • Thus, the x-intercepts are (4, 0) and (–2, 0). Summary:  – The graph opens upward.  – The vertex is at (1, –9).  – The axis of symmetry is the line x = 1.  – The y-intercept is (0, –8).  – The x-intercepts are (–2, 0) and (4, 0). These features allow you to sketch the parabola accurately.

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Bonus Knowledge

To determine whether the graph of the quadratic function \( f(x)=x^{2}-2x-8 \) opens up or down, we look at the coefficient of \( x^2 \). Since it is positive (1), the graph opens upward. Next, we can find the vertex using the vertex formula \( x = -\frac{b}{2a} \). Here, \( a = 1 \) and \( b = -2 \), so \( x = -\frac{-2}{2 \cdot 1} = 1 \). We then calculate \( f(1) = 1^2 - 2 \cdot 1 - 8 = -9\). Thus, the vertex is \( (1, -9) \). The axis of symmetry can also be determined from the vertex as \( x = 1 \). To find the \( y \)-intercept, we set \( x = 0 \): \( f(0) = 0^2 - 2\cdot0 - 8 = -8 \), giving us the \( y \)-intercept at \( (0, -8) \). To find the \( x \)-intercepts, we solve \( f(x) = 0 \): \[ x^2 - 2x - 8 = 0 \] Factoring gives \( (x - 4)(x + 2) = 0 \), so the \( x \)-intercepts are \( x = 4 \) and \( x = -2 \), giving us the points \( (4, 0) \) and \( (-2, 0) \). **Summary:** - Opens upward - Vertex: \( (1, -9) \) - Axis of symmetry: \( x = 1 \) - \( y \)-intercept: \( (0, -8) \) - \( x \)-intercepts: \( (4, 0) \) and \( (-2, 0) \)

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