Tyler Black
03/11/2024 · Junior High School

1. Let \( A=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1 & 0 & -1 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1\end{array}\right] \) and \( B=\left[\begin{array}{lll}1 & 1 & 2 \\ 1 & 1 & 3 \\ 1 & 1 & 4 \\ 3 & 3 & 1\end{array}\right] \). Compute \( A B \) by the four different ways I introduced. 2. Let \( A=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0 & -7 & -4 \\ 2 & 4 & 6 \\ 3 & 1 & -1\end{array}\right] \) and \( \boldsymbol{b}=\left[\begin{array}{c}2 \\ 12 \\ -2\end{array}\right] \). Find the reduced row echelon form of the augmented matrix of the matrix equation \( A \boldsymbol{x}=\boldsymbol{b} \) (Hint: You can find the solution in the slide of Week 2, but I still suggest that you do it once again), and do the following: (1) Record each step (the row operation) with a matrix. (2) Suppose you get \( t \) matrices \( M_{1}, M_{2}, \ldots, M_{t} \) in order (you may name it with other names), then (a) Compute \( E=M_{t} M_{t-1} \cdots M_{2} M_{1} \) (Notice the order); (b) Compute \( E A \), and check that if it is an identity matrix. (c) Compute \( E \boldsymbol{b} \), and check that if it equals to the last column vector in the RREF of the augmented matrix.

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For Problem 1, the multiplication \( A B \) is not defined due to the mismatch in dimensions. For Problem 2, the reduced row echelon form of the augmented matrix is: \[ \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 & | & \frac{31}{7} \\ 0 & 1 & 0 & | & -\frac{10}{7} \\ 0 & 0 & 1 & | & 1 \end{bmatrix} \] The steps to achieve this form involve row swaps, scaling, and elimination operations.

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