Setting and hardening of cement involves (a) hydrolysis and neutralization (b) hydration and neutralization (c) hydration and hydrolysis (d) dehydration and hydrolysis.

The correct process involved in the setting and hardening of cement is hydration and hydrolysis. When water is mixed with cement, a chemical reaction called hydration occurs, where compounds in the cement react with water to form new products that contribute to its strength and stability. This reaction is crucial for the formation of the hardened structure we rely on in construction. In real-world applications, the hydration of cement is what allows structures like bridges, buildings, and roads to gain strength over time. Engineers must carefully control the water-cement ratio to ensure optimal strength and durability. Too much water can weaken the structure, while too little can prevent the cement from hydrating properly, leading to potential failures. It's a balancing act that showcases the science behind strong architectural design!