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For \( n=10 \) and \( p=0.9 \), check the binomial distribution to see whether it can be approximated by a normal distribution.

Ask by Hodges Matthews. in the United States
Mar 11,2025

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The binomial distribution with \( n = 10 \) and \( p = 0.9 \) **cannot** be approximated by a normal distribution because \( n(1-p) = 1 \) is too small.

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1. **Identify the parameters of the binomial distribution.** The parameters are: - Number of trials: \( n = 10 \) - Probability of success: \( p = 0.9 \) 2. **Compute the mean and variance.** - The mean is \[ \mu = np = 10 \times 0.9 = 9. \] - The variance is \[ \sigma^2 = np(1-p) = 10 \times 0.9 \times 0.1 = 0.9. \] - The standard deviation is \[ \sigma = \sqrt{0.9} \approx 0.95. \] 3. **Check the usual conditions for normal approximation of a binomial distribution.** A common rule of thumb for using the normal approximation is that: - \( np \) should be sufficiently large (often \( \geq 5 \) or \( \geq 10 \)), and - \( n(1-p) \) should also be sufficiently large. Here: - \( np = 9 \) (which is barely acceptable in some contexts), and - \( n(1-p) = 10 \times 0.1 = 1 \) (which is too small). 4. **Conclusion.** Since \( n(1-p) = 1 \) is much less than the typical threshold (commonly 5 or 10), the binomial distribution for \( n = 10 \) and \( p = 0.9 \) is **not** well approximated by a normal distribution.

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To determine if the binomial distribution can be approximated by a normal distribution for \( n=10 \) and \( p=0.9 \), we can use the rule of thumb that both \( np \) and \( n(1-p) \) should be greater than 5. Here, we calculate: 1. \( np = 10 \times 0.9 = 9 \) 2. \( n(1-p) = 10 \times (1-0.9) = 10 \times 0.1 = 1 \) Since \( n(1-p) \) is less than 5, the binomial distribution does not meet the criteria for normal approximation. In this case, it would be better to use the binomial distribution itself for accurate results. Let's just say, if you're dealing with a small \( n \) and \( p \) close to 0 or 1, keep that normal approximation in your back pocket but don't rely on it just yet!

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