101 Calculate the magnitude of the charge on sphere \( Y \) The spheres are now released and they move towards each other. 102 Give a reason why spheres \( X \) and \( Y \) move towrards each other. The spheres are allowod to touch each other. After louching they move away from each other. \( 103 \quad \) State the principle of consevvelion of charge in words \( 104 \quad \) Calculate the charge on each sphere after they have separatisd.

Below is one way to answer the problem. (Note that the numerical values used here are those that are typical for such questions. In this example, it is assumed that initially sphere X has a charge of +8.00 µC and sphere Y has a charge of –2.00 µC.)   101. To “calculate the magnitude of the charge on sphere Y” we take the absolute value of its charge. Since the charge on sphere Y is –2.00 µC, its magnitude is:     |qY| = 2.00 µC   102. The two spheres move towards each other because they have opposite charges. Sphere X is positively charged and sphere Y is negatively charged, and according to Coulomb’s law, opposite charges attract. Hence, they move towards each other.   103. The principle of conservation of charge states that the total electric charge in an isolated system remains constant over time. In other words, any charge lost by one object must be gained by another; charge can be transferred but can never be created or destroyed.   104. When the spheres are allowed to touch, they share their total charge equally. Initially, the total charge on the two spheres is     q_total = qX + qY = (+8.00 µC) + (–2.00 µC) = +6.00 µC.   After they touch, because they are identical in size, the charge distributes equally on each. Thus, the charge on each sphere is     q_final = q_total/2 = +6.00 µC/2 = +3.00 µC. So, after separation each sphere carries a charge of +3.00 µC.