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\( f(x)=\left\{\begin{array}{ll}x+1 & \text { si } x \leq 0 \\ x^{2}+1 & \text { si } x \geq 0\end{array} \quad\right. \) Dada la función anterior, calcula \( \int_{-2}^{3} f(x) \mathrm{dx} \)

Ask by Harris Craig. in Spain
Mar 09,2025

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La integral de la función \( f(x) \) desde \(-2\) hasta \(3\) es \(12\).

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Para calcular la integral definida de la función \( f(x) \) en el intervalo de \(-2\) a \(3\), primero debemos dividir la integral en dos partes, ya que la función tiene diferentes expresiones en los intervalos \( x \leq 0 \) y \( x \geq 0 \). La función se define como: \[ f(x) = \begin{cases} x + 1 & \text{si } x \leq 0 \\ x^2 + 1 & \text{si } x \geq 0 \end{cases} \] Por lo tanto, podemos escribir la integral como: \[ \int_{-2}^{3} f(x) \, dx = \int_{-2}^{0} (x + 1) \, dx + \int_{0}^{3} (x^2 + 1) \, dx \] Ahora, calculamos cada parte por separado. 1. **Calcular \( \int_{-2}^{0} (x + 1) \, dx \)**: \[ \int (x + 1) \, dx = \frac{x^2}{2} + x \] Evaluamos de \(-2\) a \(0\): \[ \left[ \frac{x^2}{2} + x \right]_{-2}^{0} = \left( \frac{0^2}{2} + 0 \right) - \left( \frac{(-2)^2}{2} + (-2) \right) \] Calculamos: \[ = 0 - \left( \frac{4}{2} - 2 \right) = 0 - (2 - 2) = 0 \] 2. **Calcular \( \int_{0}^{3} (x^2 + 1) \, dx \)**: \[ \int (x^2 + 1) \, dx = \frac{x^3}{3} + x \] Evaluamos de \(0\) a \(3\): \[ \left[ \frac{x^3}{3} + x \right]_{0}^{3} = \left( \frac{3^3}{3} + 3 \right) - \left( \frac{0^3}{3} + 0 \right) \] Calculamos: \[ = \left( \frac{27}{3} + 3 \right) - 0 = 9 + 3 = 12 \] Finalmente, sumamos los resultados de ambas integrales: \[ \int_{-2}^{3} f(x) \, dx = 0 + 12 = 12 \] Por lo tanto, el valor de la integral es: \[ \int_{-2}^{3} f(x) \, dx = 12 \]

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Para calcular la integral definida de \( f(x) \) desde \(-2\) hasta \(3\), primero dividimos la integral en dos partes, ya que \( f(x) \) tiene dos expresiones diferentes: \[ \int_{-2}^{3} f(x) \, dx = \int_{-2}^{0} f(x) \, dx + \int_{0}^{3} f(x) \, dx \] Primera parte (\(x \leq 0\)): \[ \int_{-2}^{0} f(x) \, dx = \int_{-2}^{0} (x + 1) \, dx \] Calculamos esta integral: \[ \int (x + 1) \, dx = \frac{x^2}{2} + x \] Evaluando de \(-2\) a \(0\): \[ \left[ \frac{0^2}{2} + 0 \right] - \left[ \frac{(-2)^2}{2} + (-2) \right] = 0 - \left( \frac{4}{2} - 2 \right) = 0 - (2 - 2) = 0 \] Segunda parte (\(x \geq 0\)): \[ \int_{0}^{3} f(x) \, dx = \int_{0}^{3} (x^2 + 1) \, dx \] Calculamos esta integral: \[ \int (x^2 + 1) \, dx = \frac{x^3}{3} + x \] Evaluando de \(0\) a \(3\): \[ \left[ \frac{3^3}{3} + 3 \right] - \left[ \frac{0^3}{3} + 0 \right] = \left[ \frac{27}{3} + 3 \right] - 0 = 9 + 3 = 12 \] Finalmente, sumamos ambas partes: \[ \int_{-2}^{3} f(x) \, dx = 0 + 12 = 12 \] Por lo tanto, el resultado de la integral es: \[ \int_{-2}^{3} f(x) \, dx = 12 \]

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