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d) The voltages \( V_{1} \) and \( V_{2} \) are represented by waveforms as follows \( V_{1}=9 \sin (\omega t) \) \( V_{2}=2 \cos (\omega t) \) If \( V_{3} \) is the sum of \( V_{1} \) and \( V_{2} \) such that \( V_{3}=V_{1}+V_{2} \) Find the expression of \( V_{3} \) in sine form \( V_{3}=R \sin (\omega t+\alpha) \) where \( \alpha \) is expressed in radians. Both figures to two decimal places. \( V_{3}=\square \sin (\omega t+\square) \) rks red s. submit part

Ask by Frazier Sullivan. in the United Kingdom
Feb 18,2025

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\( V_{3} = 9.22 \sin(\omega t + 0.22) \)

Solution

To find the expression for \( V_{3} \) in the form \( V_{3} = R \sin(\omega t + \alpha) \), we will follow these steps: 1. **Express \( V_{1} \) and \( V_{2} \) in a common form**: - We have \( V_{1} = 9 \sin(\omega t) \) and \( V_{2} = 2 \cos(\omega t) \). - We can convert \( V_{2} \) into sine form using the identity \( \cos(\theta) = \sin\left(\theta + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \). 2. **Combine the two waveforms**: - Rewrite \( V_{2} \): \[ V_{2} = 2 \cos(\omega t) = 2 \sin\left(\omega t + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \] - Now we can express \( V_{3} \): \[ V_{3} = V_{1} + V_{2} = 9 \sin(\omega t) + 2 \sin\left(\omega t + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \] 3. **Use the sine addition formula**: - We can express \( V_{3} \) in the form \( R \sin(\omega t + \alpha) \) using the formula: \[ R = \sqrt{A^2 + B^2} \] where \( A \) and \( B \) are the coefficients of \( \sin(\omega t) \) and \( \sin\left(\omega t + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \) respectively. 4. **Calculate \( R \) and \( \alpha \)**: - Here, \( A = 9 \) and \( B = 2 \). - Calculate \( R \): \[ R = \sqrt{9^2 + 2^2} = \sqrt{81 + 4} = \sqrt{85} \] - Calculate \( \alpha \) using: \[ \tan(\alpha) = \frac{B}{A} = \frac{2}{9} \] - Therefore, \( \alpha = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{2}{9}\right) \). Now, let's calculate \( R \) and \( \alpha \) using the appropriate tool calls. Calculate the value by following steps: - step0: Calculate: \(\sqrt{85}\) Calculate or simplify the expression \( \arctan(2/9) \). Calculate the value by following steps: - step0: Calculate: \(\arctan\left(\frac{2}{9}\right)\) Now we have the results for \( R \) and \( \alpha \): 1. **Magnitude \( R \)**: \[ R \approx 9.22 \] 2. **Angle \( \alpha \)**: \[ \alpha \approx 0.22 \text{ radians} \] Thus, we can express \( V_{3} \) in the desired form: \[ V_{3} \approx 9.22 \sin(\omega t + 0.22) \] Finally, we can fill in the blanks: \[ V_{3} = 9.22 \sin(\omega t + 0.22) \]

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To find \( V_{3} \), we first need to combine \( V_{1} \) and \( V_{2} \). Rewrite \( V_{2} \) in sine form. This can be done using the identity \( \cos(\theta) = \sin\left(\theta + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \). Substituting, we get: \[ V_{2} = 2 \cos(\omega t) = 2 \sin\left(\omega t + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \] Now we can express \( V_{3} \): \[ V_{3} = V_{1} + V_{2} = 9 \sin(\omega t) + 2 \sin\left(\omega t + \frac{\pi}{2}\right) \] We can use the sine addition formula or phasor method to combine these two sine waves. The amplitude \( R \) and phase \( \alpha \) can be calculated as follows: 1. Convert the sine functions to their rectangular forms: \[ 9 \sin(\omega t) = 9j + 0 \] \[ 2 \cos(\omega t) = 2(0) + 2j \] 2. Now, add the phasors: \[ Z = 9 + 2j \] 3. The magnitude \( R \) can be found using Pythagorean theorem: \[ R = \sqrt{9^2 + 2^2} = \sqrt{81 + 4} = \sqrt{85} \approx 9.22 \] 4. The angle \( \alpha \) is calculated using: \[ \alpha = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{2}{9}\right) \approx 0.2187 \, \text{radians} \] Therefore, the final expression for \( V_{3} \) in sine form is: \[ V_{3} = 9.22 \sin\left(\omega t + 0.22\right) \] So, \( V_{3} = 9.22 \sin(\omega t + 0.22) \).

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