Answer
The ages are 11, 11, 11, 12, 12, 13, 14, 15, 15, 16.
- **Mean (Average):** 13
- **Median:** 12.5
- **Mode:** 11
- **Range:** 5
- **Variance:** 3.2
- **Standard Deviation:** ≈1.79
Solution
1. **List the ages:**
The given ages are:
\[
13,\ 11,\ 12,\ 15,\ 16,\ 11,\ 12,\ 14,\ 15,\ 11
\]
2. **Compute the Mean (Average):**
- First, compute the sum of the ages:
\[
13+11+12+15+16+11+12+14+15+11 = 130
\]
- There are \( n = 10 \) ages.
- The mean is:
\[
\text{Mean} = \frac{130}{10} = 13
\]
3. **Determine the Median:**
- Sort the ages in increasing order:
\[
11,\ 11,\ 11,\ 12,\ 12,\ 13,\ 14,\ 15,\ 15,\ 16
\]
- With \( n = 10 \) (an even number), the median is the average of the 5th and 6th numbers.
The 5th number is \( 12 \) and the 6th number is \( 13 \).
- Thus, the median is:
\[
\text{Median} = \frac{12+13}{2} = \frac{25}{2} = 12.5
\]
4. **Find the Mode:**
- Count the frequency of each age:
- \( 11 \) appears 3 times
- \( 12 \) appears 2 times
- \( 15 \) appears 2 times
- Others appear once
- The age that occurs most frequently is \( 11 \), so the mode is:
\[
\text{Mode} = 11
\]
5. **Calculate the Range:**
- The minimum age is \( 11 \) and the maximum age is \( 16 \).
- The range is:
\[
\text{Range} = 16 - 11 = 5
\]
6. **Compute the Variance and Standard Deviation (Population):**
- The mean is \( 13 \). Compute the squared difference for each age:
\[
\begin{array}{c|c}
\text{Age} & (\text{Age} - 13)^2 \\ \hline
13 & (13-13)^2 = 0 \\
11 & (11-13)^2 = 4 \\
12 & (12-13)^2 = 1 \\
15 & (15-13)^2 = 4 \\
16 & (16-13)^2 = 9 \\
11 & (11-13)^2 = 4 \\
12 & (12-13)^2 = 1 \\
14 & (14-13)^2 = 1 \\
15 & (15-13)^2 = 4 \\
11 & (11-13)^2 = 4 \\
\end{array}
\]
- Sum of squared differences:
\[
0+4+1+4+9+4+1+1+4+4 = 32
\]
- The population variance is:
\[
\text{Variance} = \frac{32}{10} = 3.2
\]
- The population standard deviation is the square root of the variance:
\[
\text{Standard Deviation} = \sqrt{3.2} \approx 1.79
\]
Thus, the summary of the computed statistics is:
- Mean: \( 13 \)
- Median: \( 12.5 \)
- Mode: \( 11 \)
- Range: \( 5 \)
- Variance: \( 3.2 \)
- Standard Deviation: \( \approx 1.79 \)
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