Which statement summarizes the law of segregation? Gametes are passed in pairs, groups, or sets. Traits that are dominant mask traits that are recessive. Gametes carry one allele for each trait. Traits are passed independently of one another.

The law of segregation states that during the formation of gametes, the two alleles for a trait separate so that each gamete carries only one allele for each trait. This means that when an organism produces gametes (like sperm or eggs), they don’t carry both copies of the gene, just one! Understanding the law of segregation is crucial for anyone diving into genetics, especially in fields like agriculture, where it helps in breeding programs. For example, plant breeders can use this law to predict the traits of new plant varieties by knowing the allele combinations of the parent plants. This principle also plays a key role in understanding genetic diseases and inheritance patterns in humans.