Evaluate the integral. (Remember to use absolute values where appropriate. Use \( C \) for the constant of integration.) \[ \int \frac{5}{(x-1)\left(x^{2}+4\right)} d x \] Need Help? Watch li Master II
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To evaluate the integral \[ \int \frac{5}{(x-1)(x^{2}+4)} \, dx, \] we start by using partial fraction decomposition: \[ \frac{5}{(x-1)(x^2+4)} = \frac{A}{x-1} + \frac{Bx + C}{x^2 + 4}. \] Multiplying through by the denominator \((x-1)(x^2+4)\) gives: \[ 5 = A(x^2 + 4) + (Bx + C)(x - 1). \] Next, expand the right side and collect like terms, then set up a system of equations by comparing coefficients. After solving for \(A\), \(B\), and \(C\), we can break the integral into simpler parts. This reduces our integral to a sum of simpler integrals, which can be individually evaluated: 1. For \(\frac{A}{x-1}\), the integral is \(A \ln |x - 1|\). 2. For \(\frac{Bx + C}{x^2 + 4}\), we break it into \(\frac{Bx}{x^2 + 4}\) and \(\frac{C}{x^2 + 4}\), which can be solved using a combination of substitutions and arctangent functions. Finally, combining all these results, we get: \[ \int \frac{5}{(x-1)(x^2 + 4)} \, dx = A \ln |x - 1| + \frac{B}{2} \ln(x^2 + 4) + C \arctan\left(\frac{x}{2}\right) + C, \] where the constants can be merged into a single constant of integration \(C\). So the complete integral evaluates to: \[ = \frac{5}{4} \ln |x - 1| + \frac{5}{8} \ln(x^2 + 4) + \frac{5}{8} \arctan\left(\frac{x}{2}\right) + C. \]