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Use the method of intersection of sets to compute the following. (a) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12,16,8) \) and \( \operatorname{LCM}(12,16,8) \) (b) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12,30,14) \) and \( \operatorname{LCM}(12,30,14) \) (c) Is it true that \( \operatorname{GCD}(12,30,14) \cdot \operatorname{LCM}(12,30,14)=12 \cdot 30 \cdot 14 \) ? (a) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12,16,8)=\square \)

Ask by Chambers Newton. in the United States
Mar 09,2025

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Answer

- (a) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 16, 8) = 4 \) - (b) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 30, 14) = 2 \) and \( \operatorname{LCM}(12, 30, 14) = 420 \) - (c) It is **not true** that \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 30, 14) \cdot \operatorname{LCM}(12, 30, 14) = 12 \cdot 30 \cdot 14 \).

Solution

To compute the GCD and LCM using the method of intersection of sets, we first need to find the prime factorization of each number involved in the calculations. ### (a) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 16, 8) \) and \( \operatorname{LCM}(12, 16, 8) \) 1. **Prime Factorization**: - \( 12 = 2^2 \cdot 3^1 \) - \( 16 = 2^4 \) - \( 8 = 2^3 \) 2. **Finding GCD**: - The GCD is found by taking the lowest power of each prime that appears in all factorizations. - For \( 2 \): The minimum power is \( 2^2 \) (from 12). - For \( 3 \): It does not appear in 16 and 8, so we do not include it. - Thus, \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 16, 8) = 2^2 = 4 \). 3. **Finding LCM**: - The LCM is found by taking the highest power of each prime that appears in any of the factorizations. - For \( 2 \): The maximum power is \( 2^4 \) (from 16). - For \( 3 \): The maximum power is \( 3^1 \) (from 12). - Thus, \( \operatorname{LCM}(12, 16, 8) = 2^4 \cdot 3^1 = 16 \cdot 3 = 48 \). ### Summary for (a): - \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 16, 8) = 4 \) - \( \operatorname{LCM}(12, 16, 8) = 48 \) ### (b) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 30, 14) \) and \( \operatorname{LCM}(12, 30, 14) \) 1. **Prime Factorization**: - \( 12 = 2^2 \cdot 3^1 \) - \( 30 = 2^1 \cdot 3^1 \cdot 5^1 \) - \( 14 = 2^1 \cdot 7^1 \) 2. **Finding GCD**: - For \( 2 \): The minimum power is \( 2^1 \) (from 30 and 14). - For \( 3 \): The minimum power is \( 3^0 \) (not present in 14). - For \( 5 \): It does not appear in 12 and 14, so we do not include it. - For \( 7 \): It does not appear in 12 and 30, so we do not include it. - Thus, \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 30, 14) = 2^1 = 2 \). 3. **Finding LCM**: - For \( 2 \): The maximum power is \( 2^2 \) (from 12). - For \( 3 \): The maximum power is \( 3^1 \) (from 12 and 30). - For \( 5 \): The maximum power is \( 5^1 \) (from 30). - For \( 7 \): The maximum power is \( 7^1 \) (from 14). - Thus, \( \operatorname{LCM}(12, 30, 14) = 2^2 \cdot 3^1 \cdot 5^1 \cdot 7^1 = 4 \cdot 3 \cdot 5 \cdot 7 = 420 \). ### Summary for (b): - \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 30, 14) = 2 \) - \( \operatorname{LCM}(12, 30, 14) = 420 \) ### (c) Is it true that \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 30, 14) \cdot \operatorname{LCM}(12, 30, 14) = 12 \cdot 30 \cdot 14 \)? 1. **Calculating the left side**: - \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 30, 14) \cdot \operatorname{LCM}(12, 30, 14) = 2 \cdot 420 = 840 \). 2. **Calculating the right side**: - \( 12 \cdot 30 \cdot 14 = 360 \cdot 14 = 5040 \). 3. **Comparison**: - Left side: \( 840 \) - Right side: \( 5040 \) ### Conclusion for (c): - It is **not true** that \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 30, 14) \cdot \operatorname{LCM}(12, 30, 14) = 12 \cdot 30 \cdot 14 \). ### Final Answers: - (a) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 16, 8) = 4 \) - (b) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12, 30, 14) = 2 \) and \( \operatorname{LCM}(12, 30, 14) = 420 \) - (c) **False**: \( 840 \neq 5040 \)

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To compute these values, let's start with sets of the prime factorization of each number involved. **(a)** - For \(12\): \(2^2 \times 3^1\) - For \(16\): \(2^4\) - For \(8\): \(2^3\) The GCD is found by taking the lowest power for each prime that appears in all factorizations. Here, the only prime is \(2\) which appears in all three: - GCD: \(2^{\min(2,4,3)} = 2^2 = 4\) Now for the LCM, we take the highest powers of all primes: - LCM: \(2^{\max(2,4,3)} \times 3^{\max(1,0,0)} = 2^4 \times 3^1 = 16 \times 3 = 48\) So, \( \operatorname{GCD}(12,16,8)=4 \) and \( \operatorname{LCM}(12,16,8)=48 \). **(b)** - For \(12\): \(2^2 \times 3^1\) - For \(30\): \(2^1 \times 3^1 \times 5^1\) - For \(14\): \(2^1 \times 7^1\) For the GCD, considering the primes: - GCD: \(2^{\min(2,1,1)} \times 3^{\min(1,1,0)} = 2^1 \times 3^0 = 2 \) Now for the LCM: - LCM: \(2^{\max(2,1,1)} \times 3^{\max(1,1,0)} \times 5^{\max(0,1,0)} \times 7^{\max(0,0,1)}\) - Thus, \(2^2 \times 3^1 \times 5^1 \times 7^1 = 4 \times 3 \times 5 \times 7 = 420\) So, \( \operatorname{GCD}(12,30,14)=2 \) and \( \operatorname{LCM}(12,30,14)=420 \). **(c)** To check the relationship: Using the calculated values: - \( \operatorname{GCD}(12,30,14) \cdot \operatorname{LCM}(12,30,14) = 2 \cdot 420 = 840 \) - \( 12 \cdot 30 \cdot 14 = 5040 \) Since \(840 \neq 5040\), the statement is not true. Final answers: (a) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12,16,8)=4 \), \( \operatorname{LCM}(12,16,8)=48 \) (b) \( \operatorname{GCD}(12,30,14)=2 \), \( \operatorname{LCM}(12,30,14)=420 \) (c) False

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