Experiment II: Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments according to their: sequence size nucleic acid types number of attached primers

Gel electrophoresis, a staple in molecular biology labs, operates on the principle that DNA fragments are negatively charged and will migrate towards the positive electrode in an electric field. Smaller fragments travel faster and further through the gel matrix than larger ones, creating a separation based on size. This charming dance of DNA allows scientists to analyze and compare genetic material with some serious pizzazz! In practical terms, gel electrophoresis is used widely in applications such as DNA fingerprinting, genetic testing, and cloning. For instance, forensic scientists might use it to match DNA from a crime scene with that of a suspect, while researchers will often analyze PCR products to confirm successful amplification. Who knew separating DNA could be so thrilling?