Question

(a) Which is the graph of \( f(x)=-(x+3)^{2}(x-1) \ ? \)

Ask by Macdonald Owen. in the United States
Mar 13,2025

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Answer

The graph of \( f(x)=-(x+3)^2 (x-1) \) is a cubic curve that touches the x-axis at \( x=-3 \) and crosses it at \( x=1 \). It passes through the point \((0,9)\), and as \( x \) approaches negative infinity, \( f(x) \) goes to positive infinity, while as \( x \) approaches positive infinity, \( f(x) \) goes to negative infinity.

Solution

1. The function is \[ f(x)=-(x+3)^2 (x-1). \] 2. The zeros are found by setting \[ f(x)=0. \] This gives: - \(x+3=0 \Rightarrow x=-3\) (with multiplicity 2, so the graph touches and turns at \(-3\)); - \(x-1=0 \Rightarrow x=1\) (the graph crosses the axis at \(1\)). 3. The degree of \( f(x) \) is 3 (a cubic). To see the leading behavior, note that when expanded the leading term is \[ -x^3, \] so the leading coefficient is negative. 4. The end behavior follows from the leading term: - As \(x\to \infty\), \(f(x)\to -\infty\); - As \(x\to -\infty\), \(f(x)\to \infty\). 5. To get an additional point, evaluate \( f(0) \): \[ f(0) = -((0+3)^2(0-1)) = -\bigl(9 \cdot (-1)\bigr)=9. \] So the graph passes through \((0,9)\). 6. Summarizing the characteristics: - The graph is a cubic curve that crosses the x-axis at \(x=1\) and touches it at \(x=-3\) (due to a double zero). - As \(x\to -\infty\), \(f(x)\) goes to \(\infty\), and as \(x\to \infty\), \(f(x)\) goes to \(-\infty\). - The graph passes through the point \((0,9)\). Thus, the correct graph of \(f(x)=-(x+3)^2 (x-1)\) is the one that shows these characteristics.

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To understand the shape of the graph of \( f(x) = -(x+3)^{2}(x-1) \), we can note a couple of things about its key features. Since it includes a negative leading coefficient, the graph will open downward, creating a "frown" shape. The roots of the function can be identified by setting \( f(x) = 0 \), giving us the x-intercepts at \( x = -3 \) (double root) and \( x = 1 \) (single root). This means the graph will touch the x-axis at \( x = -3 \) and cross the axis at \( x = 1 \). Looking at its real-world application, the graph models various phenomena—think of it as a representation of a situation where something starts high (like profits, temperature, or elevation) but turns downward due to certain constraints (such as costs, colder weather, or physical limits). For instance, it could reflect the profit of a company that peaks at a certain point before experiencing a downturn, helping businesses strategize their operations based on projected trends.

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