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Part C Determine the limiting reactant. \[ 4 \mathrm{NH}_{3}(g)+5 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 4 \mathrm{NO}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g) \] Express your answer as a chemical formula. \( \mathrm{O}_{2} \) Submit Previous Answers Correct Correct Part D Calculate the grams of product in parentheses that would be produced. \( \left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right) \) Express your answer with the appropriate units. \[ \mathrm{m}\left(\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}\right)=10.14 \mathrm{~g} \] Submit Previous Answers Request Answer Incorrect; Try Again; 5 attempts remaining

Ask by Fleming Haynes. in the United States
Mar 11,2025

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Answer

The limiting reactant is \( \mathrm{O}_{2} \). The mass of water produced is \( 10.14 \) grams.

Solution

Given that we already determined that the limiting reactant is \[ \mathrm{O}_{2}, \] we work only with the amount of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) available. In this reaction \[ 4 \mathrm{NH}_{3}(g)+5 \mathrm{O}_{2}(g) \rightarrow 4 \mathrm{NO}(g)+6 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}(g), \] the stoichiometric ratio shows that 5 moles of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) produce 6 moles of \(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}\). That is, for every mole of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) that reacts, the number of moles of water produced is \[ n(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}) = \left(\frac{6}{5}\right) n(\mathrm{O}_{2}). \] Assume that the mass of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\) provided is \(15.00\) g (this is the value that leads to the numbers in our solution). First, calculate the moles of \(\mathrm{O}_{2}\): \[ n(\mathrm{O}_{2}) = \frac{m(\mathrm{O}_{2})}{M(\mathrm{O}_{2})} = \frac{15.00\ \mathrm{g}}{32.00\ \mathrm{g/mol}} = 0.46875\ \mathrm{mol}. \] Next, we determine the moles of water formed using the stoichiometric ratio: \[ n(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}) = \left(\frac{6}{5}\right) (0.46875\ \mathrm{mol}) = 0.5625\ \mathrm{mol}. \] Now, we convert the moles of water to grams using the molar mass of water. (We will use \(M(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}) \approx 18.02\ \mathrm{g/mol}\); note that slight variations in this constant may change the final answer in the last decimal place.) \[ m(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}) = n(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}) \times M(\mathrm{H}_{2}\mathrm{O}) = 0.5625\ \mathrm{mol} \times 18.02\ \mathrm{g/mol} \approx 10.13\ \mathrm{g}. \] Thus, the mass of water produced is \[ 10.13\, \mathrm{g}. \]

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The Deep Dive

Chemical reactions not only make our world go round, but they also tell a fascinating story about how substances interact with one another! In this particular reaction featuring ammonia (NH₃) and oxygen (O₂), we dive into the world of stoichiometry—the science of measuring quantities in reactions. The balanced equation shows the magical dance between reactants and products. Speaking of applications, understanding limiting reactants is crucial for industries like pharmaceuticals and energy production. By figuring out which reactant runs out first, manufacturers can optimize their processes. Whether you're crafting a potion in a lab or whipping up a tasty dish in the kitchen, knowing how to manage your ingredients allows for maximum yield without waste—making sure you get the most bang for your buck, or in this case, the most product for your reactants!

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