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Question Graph the following function: \[ y=\frac{1}{2} \cot \left(3 x+\frac{3 \pi}{4}\right)+1 \] Drag the movable black point to set the left vertical asymptote and shift the function, the red point to set the right vertical asymptote (thereby setting the period of the function), and the blue point at the correct set of coordinates. Note that the two asymptotes can be moved independently of each other and that only one period of the function is shown.

Ask by Goodwin Bob. in the United States
Mar 11,2025

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Answer

To graph the function \( y = \frac{1}{2} \cot\left(3x + \frac{3\pi}{4}\right) + 1 \): 1. **Determine the period**: The period is \(\frac{\pi}{3}\). 2. **Find vertical asymptotes**: - Left asymptote at \( x = -\frac{\pi}{4} \) (black point). - Right asymptote at \( x = \frac{\pi}{12} \) (red point). 3. **Identify key point**: - At \( x = -\frac{\pi}{12} \), \( y = 1 \) (blue point). These points help in accurately plotting the function.

Solution

1. Write the function in standard form: \[ y=\frac{1}{2} \cot\left(3x+\frac{3\pi}{4}\right)+1 \] 2. Note that the argument of the cotangent, \(3x+\frac{3\pi}{4}\), can be written in the form \(B(x - C)\) where: - \(B=3\), so the period of \(\cot\) (normally \(\pi\)) becomes \(\frac{\pi}{3}\). - The phase shift is obtained by setting \[ 3x+\frac{3\pi}{4}=3\left(x+\frac{\pi}{4}\right), \] indicating a horizontal shift left by \(\frac{\pi}{4}\). 3. Determine the vertical asymptotes. For the cotangent function, vertical asymptotes occur when its argument equals any integer multiple of \(\pi\): \[ 3x+\frac{3\pi}{4}=k\pi,\quad k\in\mathbb{Z}. \] Choose two consecutive integers to locate the two asymptotes shown on one period. - For the left asymptote, let \(k=0\): \[ 3x+\frac{3\pi}{4}=0 \quad\Longrightarrow\quad 3x=-\frac{3\pi}{4} \quad\Longrightarrow\quad x=-\frac{\pi}{4}. \] Thus, place the black point (left vertical asymptote) at \(x=-\frac{\pi}{4}\). - For the right asymptote, let \(k=1\): \[ 3x+\frac{3\pi}{4}=\pi \quad\Longrightarrow\quad 3x=\pi-\frac{3\pi}{4}=\frac{\pi}{4} \quad\Longrightarrow\quad x=\frac{\pi}{12}. \] Thus, place the red point (right vertical asymptote) at \(x=\frac{\pi}{12}\). 4. Identify the blue point. A convenient reference is the point where the cotangent equals \(0\) (since \(\cot\frac{\pi}{2}=0\)): \[ 3x+\frac{3\pi}{4}=\frac{\pi}{2}\quad\Longrightarrow\quad 3x=\frac{\pi}{2}-\frac{3\pi}{4}=-\frac{\pi}{4}\quad\Longrightarrow\quad x=-\frac{\pi}{12}. \] At this \(x\)-value, compute \(y\): \[ y=\frac{1}{2}\cot\left(\frac{\pi}{2}\right)+1=\frac{1}{2}\times 0+1=1. \] Thus, the blue point is at \(\left(-\frac{\pi}{12},1\right)\). 5. Summary of key points: - **Left vertical asymptote (black point):** \(x=-\frac{\pi}{4}\) - **Right vertical asymptote (red point):** \(x=\frac{\pi}{12}\) - **Midline intersection (blue point):** \(\left(-\frac{\pi}{12},1\right)\) - **Period of the function:** \(\frac{\pi}{3}\) These placements correctly reflect the horizontal shift, period, and vertical translation of the function.

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The Deep Dive

To graph the function \( y=\frac{1}{2} \cot \left(3 x+\frac{3 \pi}{4}\right)+1 \), it's essential to recognize that cotangent functions have vertical asymptotes at their undefined points, occurring at \( 3x+\frac{3\pi}{4} = n\pi \) for integers \( n \). This gives asymptotes at \( x = \frac{n\pi - \frac{3\pi}{4}}{3} \). You can calculate specific values to position the black and red points correctly to define the left and right asymptotes, ensuring they capture one complete cycle of the cotangent function. The period of the cotangent function is influenced by the coefficient of \( x \); here, it's \( \frac{\pi}{3} \) due to the factor of 3 in the argument. Hence, once you set the left asymptote, the right asymptote should be placed \( \frac{\pi}{3} \) units to the right of the left asymptote position. The blue point should be placed at the y-coordinate of the function where cotangent achieves its midline value, which is at \( y=1 \) in this case. Happy graphing!

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