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Use logarithmic differentiation to find the de \( y=\sqrt{\left(x^{2}+3\right)(x-3)^{2}} \) \( \frac{d y}{d x}=\square \)

Ask by Cox Evans. in the United States
Mar 09,2025

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Answer

\[ \frac{dy}{dx} = \sqrt{(x^2+3)(x-3)^2} \left( \frac{x}{x^2+3} + \frac{1}{x-3} \right) \]

Solution

Let \[ y = \sqrt{(x^2+3)(x-3)^2}. \] Taking the natural logarithm of both sides gives \[ \ln y = \ln \left( \sqrt{(x^2+3)(x-3)^2} \right) = \frac{1}{2}\ln\left[(x^2+3)(x-3)^2\right]. \] Using the logarithm property \(\ln(ab)=\ln a+\ln b\), we have \[ \ln y = \frac{1}{2}\left[\ln(x^2+3) + \ln\left((x-3)^2\right)\right]. \] Since \(\ln\left((x-3)^2\right)=2\ln|x-3|\), the equation simplifies to \[ \ln y = \frac{1}{2}\ln(x^2+3) + \ln|x-3|. \] Differentiate both sides with respect to \(x\). The derivative of the left-hand side is \[ \frac{1}{y}\frac{dy}{dx}. \] For the right-hand side, differentiate term by term: \[ \frac{d}{dx}\left[\frac{1}{2}\ln(x^2+3)\right] = \frac{1}{2}\cdot \frac{1}{x^2+3}\cdot 2x = \frac{x}{x^2+3}, \] \[ \frac{d}{dx}\left[\ln|x-3|\right] = \frac{1}{x-3}. \] So, we obtain \[ \frac{1}{y}\frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x}{x^2+3} + \frac{1}{x-3}. \] Multiplying both sides by \(y\) yields \[ \frac{dy}{dx} = y\left(\frac{x}{x^2+3} + \frac{1}{x-3}\right). \] Finally, substituting back \( y=\sqrt{(x^2+3)(x-3)^2} \) gives \[ \frac{dy}{dx} = \sqrt{(x^2+3)(x-3)^2}\left(\frac{x}{x^2+3} + \frac{1}{x-3}\right). \]

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Beyond the Answer

To use logarithmic differentiation on the function \( y=\sqrt{(x^{2}+3)(x-3)^{2}} \), we start by taking the natural logarithm of both sides: \[ \ln(y) = \frac{1}{2} \ln((x^{2}+3)(x-3)^{2}) \] Using properties of logarithms, we can separate this out: \[ \ln(y) = \frac{1}{2} \left(\ln(x^{2}+3) + \ln((x-3)^{2})\right) \] Simplifying further, we have: \[ \ln(y) = \frac{1}{2} \ln(x^{2}+3) + \ln(x-3) \] Now we differentiate both sides with respect to \( x \): \[ \frac{1}{y} \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{x^{2}+3} \cdot 2x + \frac{1}{x-3} \] This simplifies to: \[ \frac{1}{y} \frac{dy}{dx} = \frac{x}{x^{2}+3} + \frac{1}{x-3} \] Now, multiply both sides by \( y \): \[ \frac{dy}{dx} = y \left( \frac{x}{x^{2}+3} + \frac{1}{x-3} \right) \] Substituting back \( y = \sqrt{(x^{2}+3)(x-3)^{2}} \): \[ \frac{dy}{dx} = \sqrt{(x^{2}+3)(x-3)^{2}} \left( \frac{x}{x^{2}+3} + \frac{1}{x-3} \right) \] This gives you the derivative \( \frac{dy}{dx} \) in a simplified logarithmic form. To summarize: \[ \frac{dy}{dx} = \sqrt{(x^{2}+3)(x-3)^{2}} \left( \frac{x}{x^{2}+3} + \frac{1}{x-3} \right) \]

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